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  • Journal article
    Partridge JL, Lefauve A, Dalziel SB, 2019,

    A versatile scanning method for volumetric measurements of velocity and density fields

    , MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, Vol: 30, ISSN: 0957-0233
    • Cite
    • Citations: 23
  • Journal article
    Wang R, Ongagna-Yhombi SY, Lu Z, Centeno-Tablante E, Colt S, Cao X, Ren Y, Cárdenas WB, Mehta S, Erickson Det al., 2019,

    Rapid Diagnostic Platform for Colorimetric Differential Detection of Dengue and Chikungunya Viral Infections.

    , Anal Chem, Vol: 91, Pages: 5415-5423

    In this work, we demonstrate a rapid diagnostic platform with potential to transform clinical diagnosis of acute febrile illnesses in resource-limited settings. Acute febrile illnesses such as dengue and chikungunya, which pose high burdens of disease in tropical regions, share many nonspecific symptoms and are difficult to diagnose based on clinical history alone in the absence of accessible laboratory diagnostics. Through a unique color-mixing encoding and readout strategy, our platform enabled consistent and accurate multiplexed detection of dengue and chikungunya IgM/IgG antibodies in human clinical samples within 30 min. Our multiplex assay offers several advantages over conventional rapid diagnostic tests deployed in resource-limited settings, including a low sample volume requirement and the ability to concurrently detect four analytes. Our platform is a step toward multiplexed diagnostics that will be transformative for disease management in resource-limited settings by enabling informed treatment decisions through accessible evidence-based diagnosis.
  • Conference paper
    Rao R, Shao-Horn Y, 2019,

    Towards understanding the electrified RuO2 water interface for the oxygen evolution reaction

    , National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS), Publisher: AMER CHEMICAL SOC, ISSN: 0065-7727
  • Report
    Jennings N, Fecht D, De Matteis S, 2019,

    Co-benefits of climate change mitigation in the UK: What issues are the UK public concerned about and how can action on climate change help to address them?
  • Report
    Parks R, Mclaren M, Toumi R, Rivett Uet al., 2019,

    Experiences and lessons in managing water from Cape Town

    Water shortages will become more common in cities around the world during the 21st century due to climate change.• Cape Town, South Africa experienced an especially severe drought in 2017-2018 after several years of low rainfall. This drought prompted an estimate of Day Zero, when freshwater reservoir levels supplying the city would fall below 13.5% of capacity and the majority of the municipal water network would be shut down.• In response to this crisis, the City of Cape Town municipal government significantly extended an existing set of rules and regulations, and introduced additional measures, to limit water demand. These actions included restricting available water; new tariffs to penalise excess water usage; water management devices installed in domestic properties; and novel communication strategies.• The water crisis has had widespread economic and social impacts, with damage to the tourist and agriculture industries; and tensions between sections of society and government. • Any city under water stress, like Cape Town, needs a long-term strategy for water supply and demand. Such a strategy should include diversity of water sources, equity of service provisions, thoughtful but forceful messaging, early warning systems and co-operation between local, regional and national levels of government.
  • Journal article
    Katayama Y, Nattino F, Giordano L, Hwang J, Rao RR, Andreussi O, Marzari N, Shao-Horn Yet al., 2019,

    An <i>In Situ</i> Surface-Enhanced Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy Study of Electrochemical CO<sub>2</sub> Reduction: Selectivity Dependence on Surface C-Bound and O-Bound Reaction Intermediates

    , JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C, Vol: 123, Pages: 5951-5963, ISSN: 1932-7447
  • Journal article
    Heckel B, Phillips E, Edwards E, Sherwood Lollar B, Elsner M, Manefield MJ, Lee Met al., 2019,

    Reductive Dehalogenation of Trichloromethane by Two Different Dehalobacter restrictus Strains Reveal Opposing Dual Element Isotope Effects.

    , Environ Sci Technol, Vol: 53, Pages: 2332-2343

    Trichloromethane (TCM) is a frequently detected and persistent groundwater contaminant. Recent studies have reported that two closely related Dehalobacter strains (UNSWDHB and CF) transform TCM to dichloromethane, with inconsistent carbon isotope effects (ε13CUNSWDHB = -4.3 ± 0.45‰; ε13CCF = -27.5 ± 0.9‰). This study uses dual element compound specific isotope analysis (C; Cl) to explore the underlying differences. TCM transformation experiments using strain CF revealed pronounced normal carbon and chlorine isotope effects (ε13CCF = -27.9 ± 1.7‰; ε37ClCF = -4.2 ± 0.2‰). In contrast, small carbon and unprecedented inverse chlorine isotope effects were observed for strain UNSWDHB (ε13CUNSWDHB = -3.1 ± 0.5‰; ε37ClUNSWDHB = 2.5 ± 0.3‰) leading to opposing dual element isotope slopes (λCF = 6.64 ± 0.14 vs λUNSWDHB = -1.20 ± 0.18). Isotope effects of strain CF were identical to experiments with TCM and Vitamin B12 (ε13CVitamin B12 = -26.0 ± 0.9‰, ε37ClVitamin B12 = -4.0 ± 0.2‰, λVitamin B12 = 6.46 ± 0.20). Comparison to previously reported isotope effects suggests outer-sphere-single-electron transfer or SN2 as possible underlying mechanisms. Cell suspension and cell free extract experiments with strain UNSWDHB were both unable to unmask the intrinsic KIE of the reductive dehalogenase (TmrA) suggesting that enzyme binding and/or mass-transfer into the periplasm were rate-limiting. Nondirected intermolecular interactions of TCM with cellular material were ruled out as reason for the inverse isotope effect by gas/water and gas/hexadecane partitioning experiments indicating specific, yet uncharacterized interactions must be operating prior to catalysis.
  • Journal article
    Wei C, Rao RR, Peng J, Huang B, Stephens IEL, Risch M, Xu ZJ, Shao-Horn Yet al., 2019,

    Recommended Practices and Benchmark Activity for Hydrogen and Oxygen Electrocatalysis in Water Splitting and Fuel Cells

    , Advanced Materials, ISSN: 0935-9648

    © 2019 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim Electrochemical energy storage by making H 2 an energy carrier from water splitting relies on four elementary reactions, i.e., the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Herein, the central objective is to recommend systematic protocols for activity measurements of these four reactions and benchmark activities for comparison, which is critical to facilitate the research and development of catalysts with high activity and stability. Details for the electrochemical cell setup, measurements, and data analysis used to quantify the kinetics of the HER, HOR, OER, and ORR in acidic and basic solutions are provided, and examples of state-of-the-art specific and mass activity of catalysts to date are given. First, the experimental setup is discussed to provide common guidelines for these reactions, including the cell design, reference electrode selection, counter electrode concerns, and working electrode preparation. Second, experimental protocols, including data collection and processing such as ohmic- and background-correction and catalyst surface area estimation, and practice for testing and comparing different classes of catalysts are recommended. Lastly, the specific and mass activity activities of some state-of-the-art catalysts are benchmarked to facilitate the comparison of catalyst activity for these four reactions across different laboratories.
  • Journal article
    Zhu ZH, Strempfer J, Rao RR, Occhialini CA, Pelliciari J, Choi Y, Kawaguchi T, You H, Mitchell JF, Shao-Horn Y, Comin Ret al., 2019,

    Anomalous Antiferromagnetism in Metallic RuO<sub>2</sub> Determined by Resonant X-ray Scattering

    , PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS, Vol: 122, ISSN: 0031-9007
  • Journal article
    Oluleye G, Wigh D, Shah N, Napoli M, Hawkes Aet al., 2019,

    A framework for biogas exploitation in Italian waste water treatment plants

    , Chemical Engineering Transactions, Vol: 76, Pages: 991-996

    Copyright © 2019, AIDIC Servizi S.r.l. Effective utilisation of biogas is an important step in increasing usage of renewable energy, due to the great flexibility that solar and wind power in particular lacks. Biogas generated through anaerobic digestion (AD) of sewage sludge addresses environmental concerns together with creating electricity generation potential. There is currently no optimisation-based decision-support framework to determine the best use of biogas from a Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTP), and provide a market outlook for each of the options. This work proposes a novel multi-period Mixed Integer Linear Program (MILP) model for dispatch and selection of technologies capable of exploiting biogas produced from sludge. The novelty is also highlighted by extrapolating the optimised results to a broader analysis of 855 Italian WWTPs with Population Equivalent (P.E.) > 20,000. The use of real input data provides a unique added value to the work. The modelling framework is applied to several case studies. Results show that 7–23 % savings in operating costs are possible from integrating three systems to exploit biogas, and the trade-offs between capital and operating costs affect the optimal system choice. Furthermore, market driven scenarios are used to analyse how to improve the economic performance.
  • Journal article
    Camp J, Roberts MJ, Comer RE, Wu P, MacLachlan C, Bett PE, Golding N, Toumi R, Chan JCLet al., 2019,

    The western Pacific subtropical high and tropical cyclone landfall: Seasonal forecasts using the Met Office GloSea5 system

    , Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, Vol: 145, Pages: 105-116, ISSN: 0035-9009

    We investigate the relationship between the western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) and tropical cyclone (TC) landfall in the ERA‐Interim reanalysis and two configurations of the UK Met Office Global Seasonal forecasting system version 5 (GloSea5): Global Atmosphere 3.0 (GA3) and Global Coupled configuration 2 (GC2). Both model configurations have the same horizontal and vertical resolution in the ocean and the atmosphere, but differ in terms of model physics. The WPSH strongly modulates TC activity over the subtropical western North Pacific (WNP) and TC landfall over East Asia (Japan, Korea and East China). Here we show that both model configurations GA3 and GC2 show significant skill for predictions of the WPSH and TC variability over the subtropical WNP, as well as TC frequency along the coast of East Asia, during the boreal summer (June–August). An extension of the analysis to include the full WNP typhoon season (June–November) is also examined; however, only a weak significant relationship between the WPSH index and the observed TC frequency over East Asia is found during this period, and no significant relationship is present in either GloSea5 GA3 or GC2. Results highlight the potential for operational seasonal forecasts of TC landfall risk for Japan, Korea and East China over the June–August period using predictions of the WPSH indices from GloSea5.
  • Book chapter
    Skea J, van Diemen R, Hannon M, Gazis E, Rhodes Aet al., 2019,

    Wind energy

    , ENERGY INNOVATION FOR THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY: ACCELERATING THE ENERGY REVOLUTION, Publisher: EDWARD ELGAR PUBLISHING LTD, Pages: 214-239, ISBN: 978-1-78811-260-4
  • Book chapter
    Skea J, van Diemen R, Hannon M, Gazis E, Rhodes Aet al., 2019,

    Science and technology innovation

    , ENERGY INNOVATION FOR THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY: ACCELERATING THE ENERGY REVOLUTION, Publisher: EDWARD ELGAR PUBLISHING LTD, Pages: 81-111, ISBN: 978-1-78811-260-4
  • Book chapter
    Skea J, van Diemen R, Hannon M, Gazis E, Rhodes Aet al., 2019,

    Energy policy

    , ENERGY INNOVATION FOR THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY: ACCELERATING THE ENERGY REVOLUTION, Publisher: EDWARD ELGAR PUBLISHING LTD, Pages: 48-80, ISBN: 978-1-78811-260-4
  • Book
    Skea J, Gazis E, Rhodes A, van Diemen R, Hannon Met al., 2019,

    Energy Innovation for the Twenty-First Century

    , Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
  • Book chapter
    Skea J, van Diemen R, Hannon M, Gazis E, Rhodes Aet al., 2019,

    The changing role of energy in society

    , ENERGY INNOVATION FOR THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY: ACCELERATING THE ENERGY REVOLUTION, Publisher: EDWARD ELGAR PUBLISHING LTD, Pages: 21-46, ISBN: 978-1-78811-260-4
  • Book chapter
    Skea J, van Diemen R, Hannon M, Gazis E, Rhodes Aet al., 2019,

    Smart grids

    , ENERGY INNOVATION FOR THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY: ACCELERATING THE ENERGY REVOLUTION, Publisher: EDWARD ELGAR PUBLISHING LTD, Pages: 359-394, ISBN: 978-1-78811-260-4
  • Book chapter
    Skea J, van Diemen R, Hannon M, Gazis E, Rhodes Aet al., 2019,

    Understanding and measuring energy innovation

    , ENERGY INNOVATION FOR THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY: ACCELERATING THE ENERGY REVOLUTION, Publisher: EDWARD ELGAR PUBLISHING LTD, Pages: 147-178, ISBN: 978-1-78811-260-4
  • Book chapter
    Skea J, van Diemen R, Hannon M, Gazis E, Rhodes Aet al., 2019,

    Energy Innovation for the Twenty-First Century Accelerating the Energy Revolution Introduction

    , ENERGY INNOVATION FOR THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY: ACCELERATING THE ENERGY REVOLUTION, Publisher: EDWARD ELGAR PUBLISHING LTD, Pages: 2-20, ISBN: 978-1-78811-260-4
  • Book chapter
    Skea J, van Diemen R, Hannon M, Gazis E, Rhodes Aet al., 2019,

    Shale gas

    , ENERGY INNOVATION FOR THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY: ACCELERATING THE ENERGY REVOLUTION, Publisher: EDWARD ELGAR PUBLISHING LTD, Pages: 322-358, ISBN: 978-1-78811-260-4
  • Book chapter
    Skea J, van Diemen R, Hannon M, Gazis E, Rhodes Aet al., 2019,

    Building integrated photovoltaics

    , ENERGY INNOVATION FOR THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY: ACCELERATING THE ENERGY REVOLUTION, Publisher: EDWARD ELGAR PUBLISHING LTD, Pages: 282-321, ISBN: 978-1-78811-260-4
  • Book chapter
    Skea J, van Diemen R, Hannon M, Gazis E, Rhodes Aet al., 2019,

    Heat pumps

    , ENERGY INNOVATION FOR THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY: ACCELERATING THE ENERGY REVOLUTION, Publisher: EDWARD ELGAR PUBLISHING LTD, Pages: 179-213, ISBN: 978-1-78811-260-4
  • Book chapter
    Skea J, van Diemen R, Hannon M, Gazis E, Rhodes Aet al., 2019,

    Lessons for effective energy innovation

    , ENERGY INNOVATION FOR THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY: ACCELERATING THE ENERGY REVOLUTION, Publisher: EDWARD ELGAR PUBLISHING LTD, Pages: 396-425, ISBN: 978-1-78811-260-4
  • Book chapter
    Skea J, van Diemen R, Hannon M, Gazis E, Rhodes Aet al., 2019,

    Energy innovation

    , ENERGY INNOVATION FOR THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY: ACCELERATING THE ENERGY REVOLUTION, Publisher: EDWARD ELGAR PUBLISHING LTD, Pages: 112-145, ISBN: 978-1-78811-260-4
  • Book chapter
    Skea J, van Diemen R, Hannon M, Gazis E, Rhodes Aet al., 2019,

    Wave energy

    , ENERGY INNOVATION FOR THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY: ACCELERATING THE ENERGY REVOLUTION, Publisher: EDWARD ELGAR PUBLISHING LTD, Pages: 240-281, ISBN: 978-1-78811-260-4
  • Book chapter
    Oluleye G, 2018,

    Process integration applied to waste-to-energy production

    , Waste to Energy Wte, Pages: 57-84

    Energy efficiency is a low-cost option for decarbonising energy systems. A form of energy recovery is waste-to-energy, especially where electricity and/or heat is generated from the primary treatment of waste. However, the energy efficiency of waste-to-energy production systems varies from 30-60% depending on the choice of technologies for heat and electricity provision. Recovery and re-use of wasted thermal energy in such systems has potential to increase their energy efficiency. The wasted thermal energy can be used directly, converted to electricity, used to provide chilling or upgraded to a higher temperature. This chapter aims to provide a holistic conceptual framework based on graphical techniques for improving the energy performance of waste-to-energy production systems through Process Integration.
  • Report
    Sandys L, Hardy J, Rhodes A, Green Ret al., 2018,

    Redesigning Regulation: Powering from the future

    , Redesigning Regulation: Powering from the future, London, UK

    The electricity sector is already going through unprecedented change, and new solutions to new challenges are ready to shape a transformed sector with new opportunities and new risks. The question is whether incremental change provided through issue specific changes, derogations or technology specific responses will unlock the new consumer and system advantages. Or should we recognise that the innovation in all parts of the system is totally transformative and changes the fundamentals of what the market is and what we need to regulate?Regulators and policy makers are currently sitting in the middle addressing the legacy concerns while looking hesitantly at the future. They have a choice – whether to try to squeeze the transformed system into the architecture of the past or to embark on a ‘managed’ revolution to embrace the new structure of the future of electricity.This report proposes regulatory actions needed to meet the challenges and opportunities of a transformed energy system – reimagining the market design, refocusing regulation, opening up consumer choice, and unlocking the power of supply-chain pressures while shaping a new ‘retailer’ market. In addition, it proposes much greater use of energy-system data, and a recalibration of security of supply to drive greater efficiencies and unlock demand reduction.
  • Journal article
    Hattermann FF, Wortmann M, Liersch S, Toumi R, Sparks N, Genillard C, Schroter K, Steinhausen M, Gyalai-Korpos M, Mate K, Hayes B, Lopez MDRR, Racz T, Nielsen MR, Kaspersen PS, Drews Met al., 2018,

    Simulation of flood hazard and risk in the Danube basin with the Future Danube Model

    , Climate Services, Vol: 12, Pages: 14-26, ISSN: 2405-8807

    Major river and flash flood events have accumulated in Central and Eastern Europe over the last decade reminding the public as well as the insurance sector that climate related risks are likely to become even more damaging and prevalent as climate patterns change. However, information about current and future hydro-climatic extremes is often not available. The Future Danube Model (FDM) is an end-user driven multi-hazard and risk model suite for the Danube region that has been developed to provide climate services related to perils such as heavy precipitation, heat waves, floods, and droughts under recent and scenario conditions. As a result, it provides spatially consistent information on extreme events and natural resources throughout the entire Danube catchment. It can be used to quantify climate risks, to support the implementation of the EU framework directives, for climate informed urban and land use planning, water resources management, and for climate proofing of large scale infrastructural planning including cost benefit analysis. The model suite consists of five individual and exchangeable modules: a weather and climate module, a hydrological module, a risk module, an adaptation module, and a web-based visualization module. They are linked in such a way that output from one module can either be used standalone or fed into subsequent modules. The utility of the tool has been tested by experts and stakeholders. The results show that more and more intense hydrological extremes are likely to occur under climate scenario conditions, e.g. higher order floods may occur more frequently.
  • Journal article
    Stoerzinger KA, Wang XR, Hwang J, Rao RR, Hong WT, Rouleau CM, Lee D, Yu Y, Crumlin EJ, Shao-Horn Yet al., 2018,

    Speciation and Electronic Structure of La<sub>1-x</sub>Sr<sub>x</sub>CoO<sub>3-δ</sub> During Oxygen Electrolysis

    , TOPICS IN CATALYSIS, Vol: 61, Pages: 2161-2174, ISSN: 1022-5528
  • Conference paper
    Lefauve A, Partridge J, Zhou Q, Dalziel S, Caulfield C-C, Linden Pet al., 2018,

    Video: Finding Nessie: The structure and origin of confined Holmboe waves

    , 71th Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Fluid Dynamics, Publisher: American Physical Society

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