Academic publications

Search or filter publications

Filter by type:

Filter by publication type

Filter by year:

to

Results

  • Showing results for:
  • Reset all filters

Search results

  • Journal article
    Parham PE, Waldock J, Christophides GK, Hemming D, Agusto F, Evans KJ, Fefferman N, Gaff H, Gumel A, LaDeau S, Lenhart S, Mickens RE, Naumova EN, Ostfeld RS, Ready PD, Thomas MB, Velasco-Hernandez J, Michael Eet al., 2015,

    Climate, environmental and socio-economic change: weighing up the balance in vector-borne disease transmission

    , PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, Vol: 370, ISSN: 0962-8436
  • Journal article
    Parham PE, Waldock J, Christophides GK, Michael Eet al., 2015,

    Climate change and vector-borne diseases of humans Preface

    , PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, Vol: 370, ISSN: 0962-8436
  • Journal article
    Spathi C, Vandeperre LJ, Cheeseman CR, 2015,

    Production of lightweight fillers from waste glass and paper sludge ash

    , Waste and Biomass Valorization, Vol: 6, Pages: 875-881, ISSN: 1877-265X
  • Journal article
    Newbold T, Hudson LN, Hill SLL, Contu S, Lysenko I, Senior RA, Boerger L, Bennett DJ, Choimes A, Collen B, Day J, De Palma A, Diaz S, Echeverria-Londono S, Edgar MJ, Feldman A, Garon M, Harrison MLK, Alhusseini T, Ingram DJ, Itescu Y, Kattge J, Kemp V, Kirkpatrick L, Kleyer M, Correia DLP, Martin CD, Meiri S, Novosolov M, Pan Y, Phillips HRP, Purves DW, Robinson A, Simpson J, Tuck SL, Weiher E, White HJ, Ewers RM, Mace GM, Scharlemann JPW, Purvis Aet al., 2015,

    Global effects of land use on local terrestrial biodiversity

    , Nature, Vol: 520, Pages: 45-50, ISSN: 0028-0836

    Human activities, especially conversion and degradation of habitats, are causing global biodiversity declines. How local ecological assemblages are responding is less clear—a concern given their importance for many ecosystem functions and services. We analysed a terrestrial assemblage database of unprecedented geographic and taxonomic coverage to quantify local biodiversity responses to land use and related changes. Here we show that in the worst-affected habitats, these pressures reduce within-sample species richness by an average of 76.5%, total abundance by 39.5% and rarefaction-based richness by 40.3%. We estimate that, globally, these pressures have already slightly reduced average within-sample richness (by 13.6%), total abundance (10.7%) and rarefaction-based richness (8.1%), with changes showing marked spatial variation. Rapid further losses are predicted under a business-as-usual land-use scenario; within-sample richness is projected to fall by a further 3.4% globally by 2100, with losses concentrated in biodiverse but economically poor countries. Strong mitigation can deliver much more positive biodiversity changes (up to a 1.9% average increase) that are less strongly related to countries' socioeconomic status.
  • Journal article
    Rhazaoui K, Cai Q, Kishimoto M, Tariq F, Somalu MR, Adjiman CS, Brandon NPet al., 2015,

    Towards the 3D Modelling of the Effective Conductivity of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Electrodes - Validation against experimental measurements and prediction of electrochemical performance

    , Electrochimica Acta, Vol: 168, Pages: 139-147, ISSN: 1873-3859

    The effective conductivity of thick-film solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) electrodes plays a key role in their performance. It determines the ability of the electrode to transport charge to/from reaction sites to the current collector and electrolyte. In this paper, the validity of the recently proposed 3D resistor network model for the prediction of effective conductivity, the ResNet model, is investigated by comparison to experimental data. The 3D microstructures of Ni/10ScSZ anodes are reconstructed using tomography through the focused ion beam and scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) technique. This is used as geometric input to the ResNet model to predict the effective conductivities, which are then compared against the experimentally measured values on the same electrodes. Good agreement is observed, supporting the validity of the ResNet model for predicting the effective conductivity of SOFC electrodes. The ResNet model is then combined with the volume-of-fluid (VOF) method to integrate the description of the local conductivity (electronic and ionic) in the prediction of electrochemical performance. The results show that the electrochemical performance is in particular sensitive to the ionic conductivity of the electrode microstructure, highlighting the importance of an accurate description of the local ionic conductivity.
  • Journal article
    Greenbaum JS, Blankenship DD, Young DA, Richter TG, Roberts JL, Aitken ARA, Legresy B, Schroeder DM, Warner RC, van Ommen TD, Siegert MJet al., 2015,

    Ocean access to a cavity beneath Totten Glacier in East Antarctica

    , Nature Geoscience, Vol: 8, Pages: 294-298, ISSN: 1752-0894

    Totten Glacier, the primary outlet of the Aurora Subglacial Basin, has the largest thinning rate in East Antarctica1,2. Thinning may be driven by enhanced basal melting due to ocean processes3, modulated by polynya activity4,5. Warm modified Circumpolar Deep Water, which has been linked to glacier retreat in West Antarctica6, has been observed in summer and winter on the nearby continental shelf beneath 400 to 500 m of cool Antarctic Surface Water7,8. Here we derive the bathymetry of the sea floor in the region from gravity9 and magnetics10 data as well as ice-thickness measurements11. We identify entrances to the ice-shelf cavity below depths of 400 to 500 m that could allow intrusions of warm water if the vertical structure of inflow is similar to nearby observations. Radar sounding reveals a previously unknown inland trough that connects the main ice-shelf cavity to the ocean. If thinning trends continue, a larger water body over the trough could potentially allow more warm water into the cavity, which may, eventually, lead to destabilization of the low-lying region between Totten Glacier and the similarly deep glacier flowing into the Reynolds Trough. We estimate that at least 3.5 m of eustatic sea level potential drains through Totten Glacier, so coastal processes in this area could have global consequences.
  • Journal article
    Atkin OK, Bloomfield KJ, Reich PB, Tjoelker MG, Asner GP, Bonal D, Boenisch G, Bradford MG, Cernusak LA, Cosio EG, Creek D, Crous KY, Domingues TF, Dukes JS, Egerton JJG, Evans JR, Farquhar GD, Fyllas NM, Gauthier PPG, Gloor E, Gimeno TE, Griffin KL, Guerrieri R, Heskel MA, Huntingford C, Ishida FY, Kattge J, Lambers H, Liddell MJ, Lloyd J, Lusk CH, Martin RE, Maksimov AP, Maximov TC, Malhi Y, Medlyn BE, Meir P, Mercado LM, Mirotchnick N, Ng D, Niinemets U, O'Sullivan OS, Phillips OL, Poorter L, Poot P, Prentice IC, Salinas N, Rowland LM, Ryan MG, Sitch S, Slot M, Smith NG, Turnbull MH, VanderWel MC, Valladares F, Veneklaas EJ, Weerasinghe LK, Wirth C, Wright IJ, Wythers KR, Xiang J, Xiang S, Zaragoza-Castells Jet al., 2015,

    Global variability in leaf respiration in relation to climate, plant functional types and leaf traits

    , New Phytologist, Vol: 206, Pages: 614-636, ISSN: 0028-646X

    Leaf dark respiration (Rdark) is an important yet poorly quantified component of the global carbon cycle. Given this, we analyzed a new global database of Rdark and associated leaf traits.Data for 899 species were compiled from 100 sites (from the Arctic to the tropics). Several woody and nonwoody plant functional types (PFTs) were represented. Mixed‐effects models were used to disentangle sources of variation in Rdark.Area‐based Rdark at the prevailing average daily growth temperature (T) of each site increased only twofold from the Arctic to the tropics, despite a 20°C increase in growing T (8–28°C). By contrast, Rdark at a standard T (25°C, Rdark25) was threefold higher in the Arctic than in the tropics, and twofold higher at arid than at mesic sites. Species and PFTs at cold sites exhibited higher Rdark25 at a given photosynthetic capacity (Vcmax25) or leaf nitrogen concentration ([N]) than species at warmer sites. Rdark25 values at any given Vcmax25 or [N] were higher in herbs than in woody plants.The results highlight variation in Rdark among species and across global gradients in T and aridity. In addition to their ecological significance, the results provide a framework for improving representation of Rdark in terrestrial biosphere models (TBMs) and associated land‐surface components of Earth system models (ESMs).
  • Conference paper
    Ritson JP, Clark JM, Graham NJD, Templeton MR, Freeman Cet al., 2015,

    Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) release following drought: influence of DOC source and drought severity on drinking water treatment

    , 249th American Chemical Society (ACS) National Meeting and Exposition, Denver, Colorado, USA
  • Journal article
    Hewa Dewage HARINI, wu BILLY, Tsoi ANTHONY, Yufit VLADIMIR, Offer GREGORY, Brandon NIGELet al., 2015,

    A novel regenerative hydrogen cerium fuel cell for energy storage applications

    , Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol: 3, Pages: 9446-9450, ISSN: 2050-7496

    A novel regenerative hydrogen cerium fuel cell is presented which has the potential to deliver both low cost and high performance. A 5 cm2 prototype is demonstrated, achieving 148 mW cm−2 when fully charged. Rate determining processes within the cell are identified.
  • Journal article
    Niu B, Al-Menhali A, Krevor SC, 2015,

    The impact of reservoir conditions on the residual trapping of carbon dioxide in Berea sandstone

    , WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH, Vol: 51, Pages: 2009-2029, ISSN: 0043-1397
  • Journal article
    Bingham RG, Rippin DM, Karlsson NB, Corr HFJ, Ferraccioli F, Jordan TA, Le Brocq AM, Rose KC, Ross N, Siegert MJet al., 2015,

    Ice-flow structure and ice dynamic changes in the Weddell Sea sector of West Antarctica from radar-imaged internal layering

    , JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-EARTH SURFACE, Vol: 120, Pages: 655-670, ISSN: 2169-9003
  • Journal article
    Foster T, Brozovic N, Butler AP, 2015,

    Analysis of the impacts of well yield and groundwater depth on irrigated agriculture

    , JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY, Vol: 523, Pages: 86-96, ISSN: 0022-1694
  • Journal article
    Jordan JR, Kimura S, Holland PR, Jenkins A, Piggott MDet al., 2015,

    On the Conditional Frazil Ice Instability in Seawater

    , JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY, Vol: 45, Pages: 1121-1138, ISSN: 0022-3670
  • Journal article
    Martin-Short R, Hill J, Kramer SC, Avdis A, Allison PA, Piggott MDet al., 2015,

    .Tidal resource extraction in the Pentland Firth, UK: Potential impacts on flow regime and sediment transport in the Inner Sound of Stroma

    , RENEWABLE ENERGY, Vol: 76, Pages: 596-607, ISSN: 0960-1481
  • Journal article
    Hey J, Malloy AC, Martinez-Botas R, Lamperth Met al., 2015,

    Conjugate heat transfer analysis of an energy conversion device with an updated numerical model obtained through inverse identification

    , ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT, Vol: 94, Pages: 198-209, ISSN: 0196-8904
  • Journal article
    Pfeifer M, Lefebvre V, Turner E, Cusack J, Khoo M, Chey VK, Peni M, Ewers RMet al., 2015,

    Deadwood biomass: an underestimated carbon stock in degraded tropical forests?

    , ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS, Vol: 10, ISSN: 1748-9326
  • Journal article
    D'Arcy M, Boluda DCR, Whittaker AC, Carpineti Aet al., 2015,

    Dating alluvial fan surfaces in Owens Valley, California, using weathering fractures in boulders

    , EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS, Vol: 40, Pages: 487-501, ISSN: 0197-9337
  • Journal article
    Deledalle F, Kirchartz T, Vezie MS, Campoy-Quiles M, Tuladhar PS, Nelson J, Durrant JRet al., 2015,

    Understanding the Effect of Unintentional Doping on Transport Optimization and Analysis in Efficient Organic Bulk-Heterojunction Solar Cells

    , PHYSICAL REVIEW X, Vol: 5, ISSN: 2160-3308
  • Journal article
    Ruiz-Trejo E, Zhou Y, Brandon NP, 2015,

    On the manufacture of silver-BaCe0.5Zr0.3Y0.16Zn0.04O3−δ composites for hydrogen separation membranes

    , International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol: 40, Pages: 4146-4153, ISSN: 1879-3487

    Silver- BaCe0.5Zr0.3Y0.16Zn0.04O3−δ (Ag/BCZYZ) composites were investigated due to their potential application as hydrogen separation membranes, with emphasis on their fabrication and characterization. A precursor powder of BCZYZ was prepared via a wet chemical route and characterized by XRD, SEM and dilatometry. The precursor powder was coated with silver using Tollens reaction and then sintered under a variety of conditions. It was possible to obtain dense samples with a low level of non-percolating silver (2 vol%). Silver was present even if sintered at 1300 °C as it remained trapped in the ceramic matrix. The overall conductivity of a dense sample with 2 vol% of silver increased when compared to pure BCZYZ, and in particular the grain boundary resistance decreased considerably. A measurement of the open circuit voltage in fuel cell mode indicates the presence of mixed electronic-protonic conductivity in the composite.
  • Journal article
    Voulvoulis N, 2015,

    The potential of water reuse as a management option for water security under the ecosystem services approach

    , DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT, Vol: 53, Pages: 3263-3271, ISSN: 1944-3994
  • Journal article
    Staffell I, Green R, 2015,

    Is There Still Merit in the Merit Order Stack? The Impact of Dynamic Constraints on Optimal Plant Mix

    , IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol: 31, Pages: 43-53, ISSN: 1558-0679

    The merit order stack is used to tackle a wide variety of problems involving electricity dispatch. The simplification it relies on is to neglect dynamic issues such as the cost of starting stations. This leads the merit order stack to give a poor representation of the hourly pattern of prices and under-estimate the optimal level of investment in both peaking and inflexible baseload generators, and thus their run-times by up to 30%. We describe a simple method for incorporating start-up costs using a single equation derived from the load curve and station costs. The technique is demonstrated on the British electricity system in 2010 to test its performance against actual outturn, and in a 2020 scenario with increased wind capacity where it is compared to a dynamic unit-commitment scheduler. Our modification yields a better representation of electricity prices and reduces the errors in capacity investment by a factor of two.
  • Journal article
    Kondrashov D, Berloff P, 2015,

    Stochastic modeling of decadal variability in ocean gyres

    , GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, Vol: 42, Pages: 1543-1553, ISSN: 0094-8276
  • Journal article
    Chiong MS, Rajoo S, Romagnoli A, Costall AW, Martinez-Botas RFet al., 2015,

    Non-adiabatic pressure loss boundary condition for modelling turbocharger turbine pulsating flow

    , Energy Conversion and Management, Vol: 93, Pages: 267-281, ISSN: 0196-8904

    This paper presents a simplified methodology of pulse flow turbine modelling, as an alternative over the meanline integrated methodology outlined in previous work, in order to make its application to engine cycle simulation codes much more straight forward. This is enabled through the development of a bespoke non-adiabatic pressure loss boundary to represent the turbine rotor. In this paper, turbocharger turbine pulse flow performance predictions are presented along with a comparison of computation duration against the previously established integrated meanline method. Plots of prediction deviation indicate that the mass flow rate and actual power predictions from both methods are highly comparable and are reasonably close to experimental data. However, the new boundary condition required significantly lower computational time and rotor geometrical inputs. In addition, the pressure wave propagation in this simplified unsteady turbine model at different pulse frequencies has also been found to be in agreement with data from the literature, thereby supporting the confidence in its ability to simulate the wave action encountered in turbine pulse flow operation.
  • Journal article
    Yokoya K, Zettler LW, Kendon JP, Bidartondo MI, Stice AL, Skarha S, Corey LL, Knight AC, Sarasan Vet al., 2015,

    Preliminary findings on identification of mycorrhizal fungi from diverse orchids in the Central Highlands of Madagascar

    , Mycorrhiza, Vol: 25, Pages: 611-625, ISSN: 1432-1890

    The Orchid flora of Madagascar is one of the most diverse with nearly 1000 orchid taxa, of which about 90 % are endemic to this biodiversity hotspot. The Itremo Massif in the Central Highlands of Madagascar with a Highland Subtropical climate range encompasses montane grassland, igneous and metamorphic rock outcrops, and gallery and tapia forests. Our study focused on identifying culturable mycorrhizae from epiphytic, lithophytic, and terrestrial orchid taxa to understand their diversity and density in a spatial matrix that is within the protected areas. We have collected both juvenile and mature roots from 41 orchid taxa for isolating their orchid mycorrhizal fungi (OMF), and to culture, identify, and store in liquid nitrogen for future studies. Twelve operational taxonomic units (OTUs), of three known orchid mycorrhizal genera, were recognized by analysis of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences of 85 isolates, and, by comparing with GenBank database entries, each OTU was shown to have closely related fungi that were also found as orchid associates. Orchid and fungal diversity were greater in gallery forests and open grasslands, which is very significant for future studies and orchid conservation. As far as we know, this is the first ever report of detailed identification of mycorrhizal fungi from Madagascar. This study will help start to develop a programme for identifying fungal symbionts from this unique biodiversity hotspot, which is undergoing rapid ecosystem damage and species loss. The diversity of culturable fungal associates, their density, and distribution within the Itremo orchid hotspot areas will be discussed.
  • Journal article
    Milner-Gulland EJ, Pan Y, 2015,

    Using local ecological knowledge to assess the status of the Critically Endangered Chinese giant salamander Andrias davidianus in Guizhou Province, China

    , Oryx, ISSN: 1365-3008

    The Critically Endangered Chinese giant salamander Andrias davidianus, the world's largest amphibian, is severely threatened by unsustainable exploitation of wild individuals. However, field data with which to assess the salamander's status, population trends, or exploitation across its geographical range are limited, and recent field surveys using standard ecological field techniques have typically failed to detect wild individuals. We conducted community-based fieldwork in three national nature reserves (Fanjingshan, Leigongshan and Mayanghe) in Guizhou Province, China, to assess whether local ecological knowledge constitutes a useful tool for salamander conservation. We collected a sample of dated salamander sighting records and associated data from these reserves for comparative assessment of the relative status of salamander populations across the region. Although Fanjingshan and Leigongshan are still priority sites for salamander conservation, few recent sightings were recorded in either reserve, and respondents considered that salamanders had declined locally at both reserves. The species may already be functionally extinct at Mayanghe. Although respondent data on threats to salamanders in Guizhou are more difficult to interpret, overharvesting was the most commonly suggested explanation for salamander declines, and it is likely that the growing salamander farming industry is the primary driver of salamander extraction from Guizhou's reserves. Questionnaire-based surveys can collect novel quantitative data that provide unique insights into the local status of salamander populations, and we advocate wide-scale incorporation of this research approach into future salamander field programmes.
  • Journal article
    Stockford C, Brandon N, Irvine J, Mays T, Metcalfe I, Book D, Ekins P, Kucernak A, Molkov V, Steinberger-Wilckens R, Shah N, Dodds P, Dueso C, Samsatli S, Thompson Cet al., 2015,

    H2FC SUPERGEN: An overview of the Hydrogen and Fuel Cell research across the UK

    , International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol: 40, Pages: 5534-5543, ISSN: 1879-3487

    The United Kingdom has a vast scientific base across the entire Hydrogen and Fuel Cell research landscape, with a world class academic community coupled with significant industrial activity from both UK-based Hydrogen and Fuel Cell companies and global companies with a strong presence within the country. The Hydrogen and Fuel Cell (H2FC) SUPERGEN Hub, funded by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), was established in 2012 as a five-year programme to bring the UK's H2FC research community together. Here we present the UK's current Hydrogen and Fuel Cell activities along with the role of the H2FC SUPERGEN Hub.
  • Journal article
    Maxwell SL, Milner-Gulland EJ, Jones JPG, Knight AT, Bunnefeld N, Nuno A, Bal P, Earle S, Watson JEM, Rhodes JRet al., 2015,

    Being smart about SMART environmental targets

    , SCIENCE, Vol: 347, Pages: 1075-1076, ISSN: 0036-8075
  • Journal article
    Bakewell C, Fateh-Iravani G, Beh D, Myers D, Tabthong S, Hormnirun P, White AJ, Long N, Williams CKet al., 2015,

    Comparing a series of 8-quinolinolato complexes of aluminium, titanium and zinc as initiators for the ring-opening polymerization of rac-lactide.

    , Dalton Transactions, Vol: 44, ISSN: 1477-9226

    The preparation and characterization of a series of 8-hydroxyquinoline ligands and their complexes with Ti(iv), Al(iii) and Zn(ii) centres is presented. The complexes are characterized using NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis and, in some cases, by single crystal X-ray diffraction experiments. The complexes are compared as initiators for the ring-opening polymerization of racemic-lactide; all the complexes show moderate/good rates and high levels of polymerization control. In the case of the titanium or aluminium complexes, moderate iso-selectivity is observed (Pi = 0.75), whereas in the case of the zinc complexes, moderate hetero-selectivity is observed (Ps = 0.70).
  • Journal article
    Mac Dowell N, Shah N, 2015,

    The multi-period optimisation of an amine-based CO<sub>2</sub> capture process integrated with a super-critical coal-fired power station for flexible operation

    , COMPUTERS & CHEMICAL ENGINEERING, Vol: 74, Pages: 169-183, ISSN: 0098-1354
  • Journal article
    Ren Z, Graham N, 2015,

    Treatment of Humic Acid in Drinking Water by Combining Potassium Manganate (Mn(VI)), Ferrous Sulfate, and Magnetic Ion Exchange

    , ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE, Vol: 32, Pages: 175-178, ISSN: 1092-8758

This data is extracted from the Web of Science and reproduced under a licence from Thomson Reuters. You may not copy or re-distribute this data in whole or in part without the written consent of the Science business of Thomson Reuters.

Request URL: http://www.imperial.ac.uk:80/respub/WEB-INF/jsp/search-t4-html.jsp Request URI: /respub/WEB-INF/jsp/search-t4-html.jsp Query String: id=278&limit=30&page=18&respub-action=search.html Current Millis: 1722148481103 Current Time: Sun Jul 28 07:34:41 BST 2024