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  • Book
    Keirstead J, Shah N, 2013,

    Urban Energy Systems: An Integrated Approach

    , Publisher: Routledge, ISBN: 9780415529020

    Energy demands of cities need to be met more sustainably. This book analyses the technical and social systems that satisfy these needs and asks how methods can be put into practice to achieve this.
  • Journal article
    Vandeginste V, John CM, 2013,

    DIAGENETIC IMPLICATIONS OF STYLOLITIZATION IN PELAGIC CARBONATES, CANTERBURY BASIN, OFFSHORE NEW ZEALAND

    , JOURNAL OF SEDIMENTARY RESEARCH, Vol: 83, Pages: 226-240, ISSN: 1527-1404
  • Book chapter
    Rein G, 2013,

    Smouldering Fires and Natural Fuels

    , Fire Phenomena and the Earth System: An Interdisciplinary Guide to Fire Science, Pages: 15-33

    This chapter argues that smouldering combustion leads to megafires as measured in terms of the total organic material consumed. The chapter reviews the current knowledge on smouldering fires in the Earth system regarding combustion dynamics and chemistry, while highlighting differences with flaming fires. It shows that smouldering combustion of natural ground fuels, like peatlands, leads to the largest and longest burning fires on Earth, and shows that they create a positive feedback mechanism to climate change. It is therefore absolutely crucial for us to expand our limited knowledge of not only flaming, but also particularly of smouldering fires. Flaming wildfires have received much more attention than smouldering fires hitherto; this chapter aims at reversing that trend and contributing new forward-looking ideas to the important study of flameless fires. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
  • Conference paper
    Brown NJ, Weiner J, Shaffer MSP, Williams CKet al., 2013,

    Tuneable ZnOCu catalyst system for CO<sub>2</sub> hydrogenation to methanol

    , 245th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS), Publisher: AMER CHEMICAL SOC, ISSN: 0065-7727
  • Conference paper
    Bakewell CM, Thi-Phuong-Anh C, Haaf M, Williams CK, Long NJ, Auffrant A, Platel RHet al., 2013,

    <i>Bis</i>(quinolinolato)aluminium ethyl and yttrium phosphasalen complexes: New <i>iso</i>-selective initiators for <i>rac</i>-lactide ring-opening polymerisation

    , 245th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS), Publisher: AMER CHEMICAL SOC, ISSN: 0065-7727
  • Journal article
    Janssen RAJ, Nelson J, 2013,

    Factors Limiting Device Efficiency in Organic Photovoltaics

    , ADVANCED MATERIALS, Vol: 25, Pages: 1847-1858, ISSN: 0935-9648
  • Journal article
    Coad L, Schleicher J, Milner-Gulland EJ, Marthews TR, Starkey M, Manica A, Balmford A, Mbombe W, Bineni TRD, Abernethy KAet al., 2013,

    Social and Ecological Change over a Decade in a Village Hunting System, Central Gabon

    , CONSERVATION BIOLOGY, Vol: 27, Pages: 270-280, ISSN: 0888-8892
  • Journal article
    Jenkins GB, Woodward G, Hildrew AG, 2013,

    Long-term amelioration of acidity accelerates decomposition in headwater streams.

    , Glob Chang Biol, Vol: 19, Pages: 1100-1106, ISSN: 1354-1013

    The secondary production of culturally acidified streams is low, with a few species of generalist detritivores dominating invertebrate assemblages, while decomposition processes are impaired. In a series of lowland headwater streams in southern England, we measured the rate of cellulolytic decomposition and compared it with values measured three decades ago, when anthropogenic acidification was at its peak. We hypothesized that, if acidity has indeed ameliorated, the rate of decomposition will have accelerated, thus potentially supporting greater secondary production and the longer food chains that have been observed in some well-studied recovering freshwater systems. We used cellulose Shirley test cloth as a standardized bioassay to measure the rate of cellulolytic decomposition, via loss in tensile strength, for 31 streams in the Ashdown Forest over 7 days in summer 2011 and 49 days in winter 2012. We compared this with data from an otherwise identical study conducted in 1978 and 1979. In a secondary study, we determined whether decomposition followed a linear or logarithmic decay and, as Shirley cloth is no longer available, we tested an alternative in the form of readily available calico. Overall mean pH had increased markedly over the 32 years between the studies (from 6.0 to 6.7). In both the previous and contemporary studies, the relationship between decomposition and pH was strongest in winter, when pH reaches a seasonal minimum. As in the late 1970s, there was no relationship in 2011/2012 between pH and decay rate in summer. As postulated, decomposition in winter was significantly faster in 2011/2012 than in 1978/1979, with an average increase in decay rate of 18.1%. Recovery from acidification, due to decreased acidifying emissions and deposition, has led to an increase in the rate of cellulolytic decomposition. This response in a critical ecosystem process offers a potential explanation of one aspect of the limited biological recovery that has been observ
  • Journal article
    Zhong W, Haigh JD, 2013,

    The greenhouse effect and carbon dioxide

    , WEATHER, Vol: 68, Pages: 100-105, ISSN: 0043-1656
  • Journal article
    Kong FW, Parpas P, Rustem B, 2013,

    Sum of Non-Concave Utilities Maximization for MIMO Interference Systems

    , IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS, Vol: 12, Pages: 1744-1751, ISSN: 1536-1276
  • Journal article
    Jiang Y, Rein G, Welch S, Usmani Aet al., 2013,

    Modeling fire-induced radiative heat transfer in smoke-filled structural cavities

    , INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES, Vol: 66, Pages: 24-33, ISSN: 1290-0729
  • Journal article
    Nuno A, Bunnefeld N, Milner-Gulland EJ, 2013,

    Matching observations and reality: using simulation models to improve monitoring under uncertainty in the Serengeti

    , JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY, Vol: 50, Pages: 488-498, ISSN: 0021-8901
  • Journal article
    Cotter CJ, Cotter SL, Vialard FX, 2013,

    Bayesian data assimilation in shape registration

    , Inverse Problems in Science and Engineering, Vol: 29

    In this paper we apply a Bayesian framework to the problem of geodesic curve matching. Given a template curve, the geodesic equations provide a mapping from initial conditions for the conjugate momentum onto topologically equivalent shapes. Here, we aim to recover the well-defined posterior distribution on the initial momentum which gives rise to observed points on the target curve; this is achieved by explicitly including a reparameterization in the formulation. Appropriate priors are chosen for the functions which together determine this field and the positions of the observation points, the initial momentum p0 and the reparameterization vector field ν, informed by regularity results about the forward model. Having done this, we illustrate how maximum likelihood estimators can be used to find regions of high posterior density, but also how we can apply recently developed Markov chain Monte Carlo methods on function spaces to characterize the whole of the posterior density. These illustrative examples also include scenarios where the posterior distribution is multimodal and irregular, leading us to the conclusion that knowledge of a state of global maximal posterior density does not always give us the whole picture, and full posterior sampling can give better quantification of likely states and the overall uncertainty inherent in the problem.
  • Journal article
    McIntyre N, Ballard C, Bruen M, Bulygina N, Buytaert W, Cluckie I, Dunn S, Ehret U, Ewen J, Gelfan A, Hess T, Hughes D, Jackson B, Kjeldsen T, Merz R, Park J-S, O'Connell E, O'Donnell G, Oudin L, Todini E, Wagener T, Wheater HSet al., 2013,

    Modelling the hydrological impacts of rural land use change

    , Hydrology Research, ISSN: 0029-1277
  • Journal article
    Bansal N, Reynolds LX, MacLachlan A, Lutz T, Ashraf RS, Zhang W, Nielsen CB, McCulloch I, Rebois DG, Kirchartz T, Hill MS, Molloy KC, Nelson J, Haque SAet al., 2013,

    Influence of Crystallinity and Energetics on Charge Separation in Polymer-Inorganic Nanocomposite Films for Solar Cells

    , SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, Vol: 3, ISSN: 2045-2322
  • Journal article
    Lanzini A, Leone P, Guerra C, Smeacetto F, Brandon NP, Santarelli Met al., 2013,

    Durability of anode supported Solid Oxides Fuel Cells (SOFC) under direct dry-reforming of methane

    , CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL, Vol: 220, Pages: 254-263, ISSN: 1385-8947
  • Journal article
    Yu W-Z, Graham N, Liu H-J, Li H, Qu J-Het al., 2013,

    Membrane fouling by Fe-Humic cake layers in nano-scale: Effect of <i>in-situ</i> formed Fe in-situ formed Fe(III) coagulant

    , JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE, Vol: 431, Pages: 47-54, ISSN: 0376-7388
  • Journal article
    Bakewell C, Thi-Phuong-Anh C, Le Goff XF, Long NJ, Auffrant A, Williams CKet al., 2013,

    Yttrium Phosphasalen Initiators for <i>rac</i>-Lactide Polymerization

    , ORGANOMETALLICS, Vol: 32, Pages: 1475-1483, ISSN: 0276-7333
  • Journal article
    Dibb GFA, Jamieson FC, Maurano A, Nelson J, Durrant JRet al., 2013,

    Limits on the Fill Factor in Organic Photovoltaics: Distinguishing Nongeminate and Geminate Recombination Mechanisms

    , JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS, Vol: 4, Pages: 803-808, ISSN: 1948-7185
  • Journal article
    Ewers RM, Banks-Leite C, 2013,

    Fragmentation impairs the microclimate buffering effect of tropical forests

    , PLoS One, Vol: 8, Pages: 1-7, ISSN: 1932-6203

    BackgroundTropical forest species are among the most sensitive to changing climatic conditions, and the forest they inhabit helps to buffer their microclimate from the variable climatic conditions outside the forest. However, habitat fragmentation and edge effects exposes vegetation to outside microclimatic conditions, thereby reducing the ability of the forest to buffer climatic variation. In this paper, we ask what proportion of forest in a fragmented ecosystem is impacted by altered microclimate conditions driven by edge effects, and extrapolate these results to the whole Atlantic Forest biome, one of the most disturbed biodiversity hotspots. To address these questions, we collected above and below ground temperature for a full year using temperature sensors placed in forest fragments of different sizes, and at different distances from the forest edge.Principal FindingsIn the Atlantic forests of Brazil, we found that the buffering effect of forests reduced maximum outside temperatures by one third or more at ground level within a forest, with the buffering effect being stronger below-ground than one metre above-ground. The temperature buffering effect of forests was, however, reduced near forest edges with the edge effect extending up to 20 m inside the forest. The heavily fragmented nature of the Brazilian Atlantic forest means that 12% of the remaining biome experiences altered microclimate conditions.ConclusionsOur results add further information about the extent of edge effects in the Atlantic Forest, and we suggest that maintaining a low perimeter-to-area ratio may be a judicious method for minimizing the amount of forest area that experiences altered microclimatic conditions in this ecosystem.
  • Journal article
    Skea J, Hourcade J-C, Lechtenboehmer S, 2013,

    Climate policies in a changing world context: is a paradigm shift needed?

    , CLIMATE POLICY, Vol: 13, Pages: 1-4, ISSN: 1469-3062
  • Journal article
    Skea J, Lechtenboehmer S, Asuka J, 2013,

    Climate policies after Fukushima: three views

    , CLIMATE POLICY, Vol: 13, Pages: 36-54, ISSN: 1469-3062
  • Journal article
    Skea J, Lechtenboehmer S, Asuka J, 2013,

    Climate policies after Fukushima: three views

    , CLIMATE POLICY, Vol: 13, Pages: 36-54, ISSN: 1469-3062
  • Journal article
    Skea J, Hourcade J-C, Lechtenboehmer S, 2013,

    Climate policies in a changing world context: is a paradigm shift needed?

    , CLIMATE POLICY, Vol: 13, Pages: 1-4, ISSN: 1469-3062
  • Journal article
    Mac Dowell N, Shah N, 2013,

    Identification of the cost-optimal degree of CO₂ capture: An optimisation study using dynamic process models

    , INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL, Vol: 13, Pages: 44-58, ISSN: 1750-5836
  • Journal article
    Siegert M, Bradwell T, 2013,

    Antarctic Earth Sciences: Preface

    , EARTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF EDINBURGH, Vol: 104, Pages: 1-1, ISSN: 1755-6910
  • Journal article
    Foulger GR, Panza GF, Artemieva IM, Bastow ID, Cammarano F, Evans JR, Hamilton WB, Julian BR, Lustrino M, Thybo H, Yanovskaya TBet al., 2013,

    Caveats on tomographic images

    , Terra Nova
  • Journal article
    Savva A, Petraki F, Elefteriou P, Sygellou L, Voigt M, Giannouli M, Kennou S, Nelson J, Bradley DDC, Brabec CJ, Choulis SAet al., 2013,

    The Effect of Organic and Metal Oxide Interfacial layers on the Performance of Inverted Organic Photovoltaics

    , ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS, Vol: 3, Pages: 391-398, ISSN: 1614-6832
  • Journal article
    Irvine EA, Hoskins BJ, Shine KP, Lunnon RW, Froemming Cet al., 2013,

    Characterizing North Atlantic weather patterns for climate-optimal aircraft routing

    , METEOROLOGICAL APPLICATIONS, Vol: 20, Pages: 80-93, ISSN: 1350-4827
  • Journal article
    Connolly J, Bell T, Bolger T, Brophy C, Carnus T, Finn JA, Kirwan L, Isbell F, Levine J, Luescher A, Picasso V, Roscher C, Teresa Sebastia M, Suter M, Weigelt Aet al., 2013,

    An improved model to predict the effects of changing biodiversity levels on ecosystem function

    , JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY, Vol: 101, Pages: 344-355, ISSN: 0022-0477

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