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Journal articleJacobs CT, Piggott MD, 2014,
Firedrake-Fluids v0.1: numerical modelling of shallow water flows using a performance-portable automated solution framework
, Geoscientific Model Development Discussions, Vol: 7, Pages: 5699-5738, ISSN: 1991-9611 -
Journal articleVaissier V, Mosconi E, Moia D, et al., 2014,
Effect of Molecular Fluctuations on Hole Diffusion within Dye Monolayers
, CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS, Vol: 26, Pages: 4731-4740, ISSN: 0897-4756- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 21
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Journal articleLi K-Y, Huang X, Fleischmann C, et al., 2014,
Pyrolysis of Medium-Density Fiberboard: Optimized Search for Kinetics Scheme and Parameters via a Genetic Algorithm Driven by Kissinger's Method
, Energy & Fuels, Vol: 28, Pages: 6130-6139, ISSN: 1520-5029The pyrolysis kinetics of charring materials plays an important role in understanding material combustionsespecially for construction materials with complex degradation chemistry. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) is frequently usedto study the heterogeneous kinetics of solid fuels; however, there is no agreed method to determine the pyrolysis scheme andkinetic parameters for charring polymers with multiple components and competing reaction pathways. This study develops a newtechnique to estimate the possible numbers of species and sub-reactions in pyrolysis by analyzing the second derivatives ofthermogravimetry (DDTG) curves. The pyrolysis of a medium-density fiberboard (MDF) in nitrogen is studied in detail, and theDDTG curves are used to locate the temperature of the peak mass-loss rate for each sub-reaction. Then, on the basis of the TGdata under multiple heating rates, Kissinger’s method is used to quickly find the possible range of values of the kinetic parameters(A and E). These ranges are used to accelerate the optimization of the inverse problem using a genetic algorithm (GA) for thekinetic and stoichiometric parameters. The proposed method and kinetic scheme found are shown to match the experimentaldata and are able to predict accurately results at different heating rates better than Kissinger’s method. Moreover, the searchmethod (K−K method) is highly efficient, faster than the regular GA search alone. Modeling results show that, as the TG dataavailable increase, the interdependence among kinetic parameters becomes weak and the accuracy of the first-order modeldeclines. Furthermore, conducting TG experiment under multiple heating rates is found to be crucial in obtaining good kineticparameters.
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Journal articleDattani R, Michels R, Nedoma AJ, et al., 2014,
Conformation and Interactions of Polystyrene and Fullerenes in Dilute to Semidilute Solutions
, Macromolecules, Vol: 47, Pages: 6113-6120, ISSN: 0024-9297We report the polymer conformation and fullereneaggregation in a ternary system containing polystyrene, C60, andtoluene measured by small angle neutron, static, and dynamic lightscattering. We investigate polymer concentrations across the diluteand semidilute regime for five polymer molecular weights (Mw =20 kg/mol to 1 Mg/mol), and fullerene concentrations below andabove its miscibility threshold in toluene. We find that the polymerradius of gyration (Rgpoly), hydrodynamic radius (Rh), and themixture correlation length (ξ) remain unchanged upon addition ofC60. The miscibility of C60 in toluene, however, decreases upon addition of polystyrene forming aggregates with a timedependentradius on the order of 100 nm, and this effect is amplified with increasing polymer Mw. Our findings are relevant tothe solution processing of organic photovoltaics, which generally require the effective solubilization of fullerene derivatives andpolymer pairs in this concentration range.
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Journal articleCheung JCH, Haigh JD, Jackson DR, 2014,
Impact of EOS MLS ozone data on medium-extended range ensemble weather forecasts
, JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES, Vol: 119, Pages: 9253-9266, ISSN: 2169-897X- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 24
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Journal articleMadani K, Zarezadeh M, Morid S, 2014,
A new framework for resolving conflicts over transboundary rivers using bankruptcy methods
, HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES, Vol: 18, Pages: 3055-3068, ISSN: 1027-5606 -
SoftwareJacobs CT, Piggott MD, 2014,
Firedrake-Fluids
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Journal articleMozaffarian D, Fahimi S, Singh GM, et al., 2014,
Global Sodium Consumption and Death from Cardiovascular Causes
, NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE, Vol: 371, Pages: 624-634, ISSN: 0028-4793- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 793
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Journal articleBorgomeo E, Hebditch KV, Whittaker AC, et al., 2014,
Characterising the spatial distribution, frequency and geomorphic controls on landslide occurrence, Molise, Italy
, Geomorphology, Vol: 226, Pages: 148-161 -
Conference paperBoot-Handford ME, Florin NH, Kandiyoti R, et al., 2014,
Assessing the suitability of different biomass feedstocks for processing via gasification
, 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS), ISSN: 0065-7727 -
Conference paperGschwend FJV, Hallett JP, Fennell PS, 2014,
Towards a cost efficient production of fuels from lignocellulosic biomass using ionic liquids
, 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS), Publisher: AMER CHEMICAL SOC, ISSN: 0065-7727 -
Journal articleHannon M, Skea J, 2014,
UK innovation support for energy demand reduction
, Proceedings of the ICE - Energy -
Journal articleMilner-Gulland EJ, Bull JW, Milner-Gulland EJ, et al., 2014,
Comparing biodiversity offset calculation methods with a case study in Uzbekistan
, Biological Conservation, Vol: 178, Pages: 2-10, ISSN: 0006-3207 -
Journal articleMartin R, Muûls M, de Preux LB, et al., 2014,
Industry compensation under relocation risk: a firm-level analysis of the EU Emissions Trading Scheme
, The American Economic Review, Vol: 104, Pages: 2482-2508, ISSN: 0002-8282When regulated firms are offered compensation to prevent them from relocating, efficiency requires that payments be distributed across firms so as to equalize marginal relocation probabilities, weighted by the damage caused by relocation. We formalize this fundamental economic logic and apply it to analyzing compensation rules proposed under the EU Emissions Trading Scheme, where emission permits are allocated free of charge to carbon intensive and trade exposed industries. We show that this practice results in substantial overcompensation for given carbon leakage risk. Efficient permit allocation reduces the aggregate risk of job loss by more than half without increasing aggregate compensation.
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Book chapterEkins-Daukes NJ, Nelson J, 2014,
Quantum Well Solar Cells
, Clean Electricity from Photovoltaics, Editors: Green, Archer, Publisher: Imperial College Press, ISBN: 9781848167674The second edition of Clean Electricity from Photovoltaics, first published in 2001, provides an updated account of the underlying science, technology and market prospects for photovoltaics.
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Journal articleHarrison SP, Bartlein PJ, Brewer S, et al., 2014,
Climate model benchmarking with glacial and mid-Holocene climates
, CLIMATE DYNAMICS, Vol: 43, Pages: 671-688, ISSN: 0930-7575- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 149
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Journal articleMac Dowell N, Shah N, 2014,
Dynamic modelling and analysis of a coal-fired power plant integrated with a novel split-flow configuration post-combustion CO₂ capture process
, International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, Vol: 27, Pages: 103-119, ISSN: 1750-5836We present a model of a coal-fired power plant integrated with a dynamic model of a monoethanolamine (MEA)-based post-combustion CO₂ capture process. We evaluate base- and part-load operating modes of the integrated power and CO₂ capture plant. We propose a simple modification to the base-process which exploits the tradeoff between thermodynamic and rate or kinetic driving forces for mass transfer. This modification returns a portion of the regenerated solvent to the middle of the absorption column at an elevated temperature. Under base-load operation of the power plant, this modification was observed to increase the degree of CO₂ capture by 9.9% and reduce the reboiler duty by 8.3%, improving the net electrical efficiency of the decarbonised power plant from 28.27% to 29.15% - a relative increase of 2.8%. Under part-load operation, the degree of CO₂ capture increased by 1% with a concurrent reduction in reboiler duty of 16.7% and an increase in overall process efficiency of 3.25%
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Journal articleVineis P, Stringhini S, Porta M, 2014,
The environmental roots of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and the epigenetic impacts of globalization
, ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH, Vol: 133, Pages: 424-430, ISSN: 0013-9351- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 30
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Journal articleFoster T, Brozovic N, Butler AP, 2014,
Modeling irrigation behavior in groundwater systems
, WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH, Vol: 50, Pages: 6370-6389, ISSN: 0043-1397- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 63
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Journal articleBond T, Mokhtar Kamal NH, Bonnisseau T, et al., 2014,
Disinfection by-product formation from the chlorination and chloramination of amines
, Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol: 278, Pages: 288-296, ISSN: 0304-3894 -
Conference paperPhilbin SP, Jones D, Brandon NP, et al., 2014,
Exploring Research Institutes: Structures, Functioning and Typology
, Proceedings of PICMET'14 (Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology) Conference, Kanazawa, Japan -
Journal articleLakeman-Fraser P, Ewers RM, 2014,
Untangling interactions: do temperature and habitat fragmentation gradients simultaneously impact biotic relationships?
, PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, Vol: 281, ISSN: 0962-8452- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 8
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Conference paperCotter CJ, McRae ATT, 2014,
Compatible finite elements for numerical weather prediction
, ECMWF Annual Seminar -
Journal articleDattani R, Bannock JH, Fei Z, et al., 2014,
A general mechanism for controlling thin film structures in all-conjugated block copolymer: fullerene blends
, JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A, Vol: 2, Pages: 14711-14719, ISSN: 2050-7488 -
Journal articleSaini PK, Romain C, Zhu Y, et al., 2014,
Di-magnesium and zinc catalysts for the copolymerization of phthalic anhydride and cyclohexene oxide
, Polymer Chemistry, Vol: 5, Pages: 6068-6075, ISSN: 1759-9962Two new homogeneous dinuclear catalysts for the ring-opening copolymerization of phthalic anhydride (PA)/cyclohexene oxide (CHO) and the terpolymerization of phthalic anhydride (PA)/cyclohexene oxide (CHO)/carbon dioxide (CO2) are reported. The catalysts are a di-magnesium (1) and a di-zinc complex (2), both are coordinated by the same macrocyclic ancillary ligand. Both catalysts show good polymerization control and activity (TOF = 97 (1) and 24 (2) h−1), with the di-magnesium complex (1) being approximately four times faster compared to the di-zinc (2) analogue. Their relative reactivity is closely related to that observed for well documented chromium salen/porphyrin catalysts. However, these results represent the first example of a well-defined magnesium catalyst which may be advantageous in terms of obviating use of co-catalysts, low cost, lack of colour and redox chemistry.
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Journal articleSkaugen T, Onof C, 2014,
A rainfall-runoff model parameterized from GIS and runoff data
, HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES, Vol: 28, Pages: 4529-4542, ISSN: 0885-6087- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 28
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Journal articleHawkes AD, 2014,
Long-run marginal CO<sub>2</sub> emissions factors in national electricity systems
, APPLIED ENERGY, Vol: 125, Pages: 197-205, ISSN: 0306-2619- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 73
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Journal articleZaccone C, Rein G, D'Orazio V, et al., 2014,
Smouldering fire signatures in peat and their implications for palaeoenvironmental reconstructions
, GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA, Vol: 137, Pages: 134-146, ISSN: 0016-7037- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 48
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Journal articleDuboviks V, Maher RC, Kishimoto M, et al., 2014,
A Raman spectroscopic study of the carbon deposition mechanism on Ni/CGO electrodes during CO/CO2 electrolysis
, PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS, Vol: 16, Pages: 13063-13068, ISSN: 1463-9076 -
Journal articleVillar Garcia IJ, Fearn S, De Gregorio GF, et al., 2014,
The outer atomic ionic liquid-gas surface: a low energy ion scattering study
, Chemical Science
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