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Journal articleZaehle S, Medlyn BE, De Kauwe MG, et al., 2014,
Evaluation of 11 terrestrial carbon-nitrogen cycle models against observations from two temperate Free-Air CO<sub>2</sub> Enrichment studies
, NEW PHYTOLOGIST, Vol: 202, Pages: 803-822, ISSN: 0028-646X- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 290
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Journal articleGreen R, Staffell I, Vasilakos N, 2014,
Divide and Conquer? <i>k</i>-Means Clustering of Demand Data Allows Rapid and Accurate Simulations of the British Electricity System
, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT, Vol: 61, Pages: 251-260, ISSN: 0018-9391- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 86
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Journal articleMadani K, Read L, Shalikarian L, 2014,
Voting Under Uncertainty: A Stochastic Framework for Analyzing Group Decision Making Problems
, WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT, Vol: 28, Pages: 1839-1856, ISSN: 0920-4741- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 38
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Journal articleWinskel M, Radcliffe J, Skea J, et al., 2014,
Remaking the UK's energy technology innovation system: From the margins to the mainstream
, ENERGY POLICY, Vol: 68, Pages: 591-602, ISSN: 0301-4215- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 17
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Journal articleSaini PK, Romain C, Williams CK, 2014,
Dinuclear metal catalysts: improved performance of heterodinuclear mixed catalysts for CO2-epoxide copolymerization
, Chemical Communications, Vol: 50, Pages: 4164-4167, ISSN: 1364-548XSome of the most active catalysts for carbon dioxide and epoxide copolymerization are dinuclear metal complexes. Whilst efficient homodinuclear catalysts are known, until now heterodinuclear catalysts remain unreported. Here, a facile, in situ route to a catalyst system comprising a mixture of homo- and heteronuclear Zn–Mg complexes is presented. This catalyst system shows excellent polymerization control and exhibits significantly higher activity than the homodinuclear catalysts alone or in combination.
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Journal articleFew S, Frost JM, Kirkpatrick J, et al., 2014,
Influence of Chemical Structure on the Charge Transfer State Spectrum of a Polymer:Fullerene Complex
, JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C, Vol: 118, Pages: 8253-8261, ISSN: 1932-7447- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 60
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Journal articleAitken ARA, Young DA, Ferraccioli F, et al., 2014,
The subglacial geology of Wilkes Land, East Antarctica
, GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, Vol: 41, Pages: 2390-2400, ISSN: 0094-8276- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 115
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Journal articleAnsell C, Brindley HE, Pradhan Y, et al., 2014,
Mineral dust aerosol net direct radiative effect during GERBILS field campaign period derived from SEVIRI and GERB
, JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES, Vol: 119, Pages: 4070-4086, ISSN: 2169-897X- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 14
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Journal articleMacLachlan AJ, O'Mahony FTF, Sudlow AL, et al., 2014,
Solution- Processed Mesoscopic Bi2S3: Polymer Photoactive Layers
, CHEMPHYSCHEM, Vol: 15, Pages: 1019-1023, ISSN: 1439-4235- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 30
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Journal articleFerrándiz-Mas V, Bond T, García-Alcocel E, et al., 2014,
Lightweight mortars containing expanded polystyrene and paper sludge ash
, Construction and Building Materials, Vol: 61, Pages: 285-292, ISSN: 0950-0618The objective of this research was to develop lightweight cement mortars with good thermal-insulation properties by incorporating expanded polystyrene (EPS) and paper sludge ash (PSA), both of which are problematic waste materials. The mortars formed had low thermal conductivity and low bulk density compared to control samples. Ground EPS produced lower thermal conductivity samples than powdered EPS. Resource efficient mortars containing up to 20% PSA, and 60% of EPS are considered suitable for use in rendering and plastering applications.
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Journal articleDeledalle F, Shakya Tuladhar P, Nelson J, et al., 2014,
Understanding the Apparent Charge Density Dependence of Mobility and Lifetime in Organic Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells
, The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol: 118, Pages: 8837-8842, ISSN: 1932-7447 -
Journal articleMelvin T, Staniforth A, Cotter C, 2014,
A two-dimensional mixed finite-element pair on rectangles
, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, Vol: 140, Pages: 930-942, ISSN: 0035-9009 -
Journal articleZulkafli Z, Buytaert W, Onof C, et al., 2014,
A Comparative Performance Analysis of TRMM 3B42 (TMPA) Versions 6 and 7 for Hydrological Applications over Andean-Amazon River Basins
, JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY, Vol: 15, Pages: 581-592, ISSN: 1525-755X -
Journal articleBennett JE, Blangiardo M, Fecht D, et al., 2014,
Vulnerability to the mortality effects of warm temperature in the districts of England and Wales
, Nature Climate Change, Vol: 4, Pages: 269-273, ISSN: 1758-678XWarm temperatures adversely affect disease occurrence and death, in extreme conditions as well as when the temperature changes are more modest1,2. Therefore climate change, which is expected to affect both average temperatures and temperature variability, is likely to impact health even in temperate climates. Climate change risk assessment is enriched if there is information on vulnerability and resilience to effects of temperature. Some studies have analysed socio-demographic characteristics that make individuals vulnerable to adverse effects of temperature1,2,3,4. Less is known about community-level vulnerability. We used geo-coded mortality and environmental data and Bayesian spatial methods to conduct a national small-area analysis of the mortality effects of warm temperature for all 376 districts in England and Wales. In the most vulnerable districts, those in London and south/southeast England, odds of dying from cardiorespiratory causes increased by more than 10% for 1 °C warmer temperature, compared with virtually no effect in the most resilient districts, which were in the far north. A 2 °C warmer summer may result in 1,552 (95% credible interval 1,307–1,762) additional deaths, about one-half of which would occur in 95 districts. The findings enable risk and adaptation analyses to incorporate local vulnerability to warm temperature and to quantify inequality in its effects.
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Journal articleStoeckel M, Tesitelova T, Jersakova J, et al., 2014,
Carbon and nitrogen gain during the growth of orchid seedlings in nature
, New Phytologist, Vol: 202, Pages: 606-615, ISSN: 1469-8137 -
Journal articleRosenberg DE, Madani K, 2014,
Water Resources Systems Analysis: A Bright Past and a Challenging but Promising Future
, JOURNAL OF WATER RESOURCES PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT, Vol: 140, Pages: 407-409, ISSN: 0733-9496- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 22
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Journal articleBurnett RT, Pope CA, Ezzati M, et al., 2014,
An Integrated Risk Function for Estimating the Global Burden of Disease Attributable to Ambient Fine Particulate Matter Exposure
, ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES, Vol: 122, Pages: 397-403, ISSN: 0091-6765- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 1214
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Journal articleTawfiq KM, Miller GJ, Al-Jeboori MJ, et al., 2014,
Comparison of the structural motifs and packing arrangements of six novel derivatives and one polymorph of 2-(1-phenyl-1<i>H</i>-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)pyridine
, ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION B-STRUCTURAL SCIENCE CRYSTAL ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS, Vol: 70, Pages: 379-389, ISSN: 0108-7681- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 9
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Journal articleNoven RC, Veraart AED, Gandy A, 2014,
A Levy-driven rainfall model with applications to futures pricing
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Journal articleAgostini L, Touber E, Leschziner MA, 2014,
Spanwise oscillatory wall motion in channel flow: drag-reduction mechanisms inferred from DNS-predicted phase-wise property variations at Re-tau=1000
, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Vol: 743, Pages: 606-635, ISSN: 0022-1120A direct-numerical-simulation-based study is presented, which focuses on the response of near-wall turbulence and skin friction to the imposition of an oscillatory spanwise wall motion in channel flow. One point of contrast to earlier studies is the relatively high Reynolds number of the flow, namely Reτ=1000 in the unforced baseline flow. Another is the focus on transients in the drag that are in the form of moderate oscillatory variations in the skin friction and near-wall turbulence around the low-drag state at a sub-optimal actuation period. These conditions allow phase-averaged statistics to be extracted, during the periodic drag decrease and rise, that shed light on the interaction between turbulence and the unsteady Stokes strain. Results are presented for, among others, the phase-averaged second moments of stochastic fluctuations and their budgets, enstrophy components and joint probability density functions. The study identifies velocity skewness – the wall-normal derivative of the angle of the velocity vector – as playing a significant role in the streak-damping process during the drag-reduction phase. Furthermore, the phase-wise asymmetry in the skewness is identified as the source of a distinctive hysteresis in all properties, wherein the drag decrease progresses over a longer proportion of the actuation cycle than the drag increase. This feature, coupled with the fact that the streak-generation time scale limits the ability of the streaks to re-establish themselves during the low-skewness phase when the actuation period is sufficiently short, is proposed to drive the drag-reduction process. The observations in the study thus augment a previously identified mechanism proposed by two of the present authors, in which the drag-reduction process was linked to the rate of change in the Stokes strain in the upper region of the viscous sublayer where the streaks are strongest. Furthermore, an examination of the stochastic-stress budgets and the
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Conference paperDuran B, Hartig E, Draper E, et al., 2014,
Tri- and tetra-dentate quinolide organometallic catalysts for stereocontrolled rac-lactide polymerization
, 247th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS), Publisher: AMER CHEMICAL SOC, ISSN: 0065-7727 -
Conference paperCao J, Boot-Handford M, Zili Z, et al., 2014,
Effects of different preparation methods on chemical looping compounds
, 247th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS), Publisher: AMER CHEMICAL SOC, ISSN: 0065-7727 -
Journal articleXu LJ, Chu W, Graham N, 2014,
Degradation of di-<i>n</i>-butyl phthalate by a homogeneous sono-photo-Fenton process with in situ generated hydrogen peroxide
, CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL, Vol: 240, Pages: 541-547, ISSN: 1385-8947- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 38
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Journal articleDimakopoulou K, Samoli E, Beelen R, et al., 2014,
Air Pollution and Nonmalignant Respiratory Mortality in 16 Cohorts within the ESCAPE Project
, AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE, Vol: 189, Pages: 684-696, ISSN: 1073-449X- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 49
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Journal articleSwitzer C, Pironi P, Gerhard JI, et al., 2014,
Volumetric scale-up of smouldering remediation of contaminated materials
, JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS, Vol: 268, Pages: 51-60, ISSN: 0304-3894- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 47
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Journal articleMadani K, Guegan M, Uvo CB, 2014,
Climate change impacts on high-elevation hydroelectricity in California
, JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY, Vol: 510, Pages: 153-163, ISSN: 0022-1694- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 41
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Journal articleJordi BE, Cotter CJ, Sherwin SJ, 2014,
Encapsulated formulation of the selective frequency damping method
, Physics of Fluids, Vol: 26, ISSN: 1089-7666We present an alternative “encapsulated” formulation of the selective frequencydamping method for finding unstable equilibria of dynamical systems, which isparticularly useful when analysing the stability of fluid flows. The formulation makesuse of splitting methods, which means that it can be wrapped around an existingtime-stepping code as a “black box.” The method is first applied to a scalar problemin order to analyse its stability and highlight the roles of the control coefficient χand the filter width in the convergence (or not) towards the steady-state. Then thesteady-state of the incompressible flow past a two-dimensional cylinder at Re = 100,obtained with a code which implements the spectral/hp element method, is presented.
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Journal articleBoncel S, Pattinson SW, Geiser V, et al., 2014,
En route to controlled catalytic CVD synthesis of densely packed and vertically aligned nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube arrays
, Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology, Vol: 5, Pages: 219-233, ISSN: 2190-4286The catalytic chemical vapour deposition (c-CVD) technique was applied in the synthesis of vertically aligned arrays of nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (N-CNTs). A mixture of toluene (main carbon source), pyrazine (1,4-diazine, nitrogen source) and ferrocene (catalyst precursor) was used as the injection feedstock. To optimize conditions for growing the most dense and aligned N-CNT arrays, we investigated the influence of key parameters, i.e., growth temperature (660, 760 and 860 °C), composition of the feedstock and time of growth, on morphology and properties of N-CNTs. The presence of nitrogen species in the hot zone of the quartz reactor decreased the growth rate of N-CNTs down to about one twentieth compared to the growth rate of multi-wall CNTs (MWCNTs). As revealed by electron microscopy studies (SEM, TEM), the individual N-CNTs (half as thick as MWCNTs) grown under the optimal conditions were characterized by a superior straightness of the outer walls, which translated into a high alignment of dense nanotube arrays, i.e., 5 × 108 nanotubes per mm2 (100 times more than for MWCNTs grown in the absence of nitrogen precursor). In turn, the internal crystallographic order of the N-CNTs was found to be of a ‘bamboo’-like or ‘membrane’-like (multi-compartmental structure) morphology. The nitrogen content in the nanotube products, which ranged from 0.0 to 3.0 wt %, was controlled through the concentration of pyrazine in the feedstock. Moreover, as revealed by Raman/FT-IR spectroscopy, the incorporation of nitrogen atoms into the nanotube walls was found to be proportional to the number of deviations from the sp2-hybridisation of graphene C-atoms. As studied by XRD, the temperature and the [pyrazine]/[ferrocene] ratio in the feedstock affected the composition of the catalyst particles, and hence changed the growth mechanism of individual N-CNTs into a ‘mixed base-and-tip’ (primarily of the base-type) type as compared to t
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Journal articleMichael NA, Carter A, Whittaker AC, et al., 2014,
Erosion rates in the source region of an ancient sediment routing system: comparison of depositional volumes with thermochronometric estimates
, Journal of the Geological Society, Vol: 171, Pages: 401-412 -
Journal articleRosa IMD, Ahmed SE, Ewers RM, 2014,
The transparency, reliability and utility of tropical rainforest land-use and land-cover change models
, Glob Change Biol, Pages: n/a-n/a, ISSN: 1365-2486
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