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Journal articleAllegretti JR, Hurtado J, Carrellas M, et al., 2020,
121 ULCERATIVE COLITIS PATIENTS ACHEIVE MORE ROBUST ENGRAFTMENT COMPARED TO PATIENTS WITH CROHN'S DISEASE AFTER FECAL MICROBIOTA TRANSPLANTATION FOR THE TREATMENT OF RECURRENT C. DIFFICLE INFECTION
, Gastroenterology, Vol: 158, Pages: S-22, ISSN: 0016-5085 -
Conference paperMartinez-Gili L, McDonald JA, Liu Z, et al., 2020,
644 identification of novel changes in microbially-derived metabolites after fecal microbiota transplant for recurrent clostridioides difficile infection
, Publisher: Elsevier BV, Pages: S-138-S-139, ISSN: 0016-5085 -
Conference paperGhani R, Mullish BH, McDonald JA, et al., 2020,
1144 FECAL MICROBIOTA TRANSPLANT FOR MULTI-DRUG RESISTANT ORGANISMS: IMPROVED CLINICAL OUTCOMES BEYOND INTESTINAL DECOLONISATION
, Publisher: Elsevier BV, ISSN: 0016-5085 -
Journal articleAllegretti JR, Kassam Z, Hurtado J, et al., 2020,
Tu1909 IMPACT OF FECAL MICROBIOTA TRANSPLANTATION ON PREVENTION OF METABOLIC SYNDROME AMONG PATIENTS WITH OBESITY
, Gastroenterology, Vol: 158, ISSN: 0016-5085 -
Journal articleMonaghan T, Russell L, Rosati E, et al., 2020,
Mo1939 TEMPORAL MODULATION OF TCR REPERTOIRE FOLLOWING SEQUENTIAL FMT TREATMENT IN PATIENTS WITH SEVERE OR FULMINANT CLOSTRIDIOIDES DIFFICILE INFECTION
, Gastroenterology, Vol: 158, ISSN: 0016-5085 -
Journal articleBlanco JM, Liu Z, Selvarajah U, et al., 2020,
Sa1923 identification of new associations between psoriatic arthritis and the gut microbiota, a phenomic study
, Gastroenterology, Vol: 158, Pages: S-481, ISSN: 0016-5085 -
Journal articleAllegretti JR, Kassam Z, Mullish BH, et al., 2020,
Effects of fecal microbiota transplantation with oral capsules in obese patients
, Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Vol: 18, Pages: 855-863.e2, ISSN: 1542-3565Background & AimsStudies in mice have shown that the intestinal microbiota can contribute to obesity via the anorexigenic gut hormone glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1) and bile acids, which affect lipid metabolism. We performed a randomized, placebo-controlled pilot study of the effects of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in obese, metabolically uncompromised patients.MethodsWe performed a double-blind study of 22 obese patients (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 35kg/m2) without a diagnosis of diabetes, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, or metabolic syndrome. Participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to groups that received FMT by capsules (induction dose of 30 capsules at week 4 and maintenance dose of 12 capsules at week 8) or placebo capsules. FMT capsules were derived from a single, lean donor (BMI, 17.5 kg/m2). Patients were followed through week 26; the primary outcome was safety. Stool and serum samples were collected from patients at baseline and at weeks 1, 4, 6, 8 and 12 after administration of the first dose of FMT or placebo and analyzed by 16S RNA gene sequencing. Stool and serum samples were analyzed for metabolomics by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Additional outcomes were change in area under the curve for GLP1 at week 12.ResultsWe observed no significant differences in adverse events between patients who received FMT vs placebo. There was no increase in the area under the curve of GLP1 in either group. Patients who received FMT had sustained shifts in microbiomes associated with obesity toward those of the donor (P<.001). Patients who received FMT had a sustained decrease in stool levels of taurocholic acid (P<.05), compared with baseline; bile acid profiles began to more closely resemble those of the donor. We did not observe significant changes in mean BMI at week 12 in either group.ConclusionsIn a placebo-controlled pilot study, we found that FMT capsules (derived from a lean donor) were safe but did not reduce BMI in obese metabol
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Journal articlePean N, Le Lay A, Brial F, et al., 2020,
Dominant gut Prevotella copri in gastrectomised non-obese diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats improves glucose homeostasis through enhanced FXR signalling
, Diabetologia, Vol: 63, Pages: 1223-1235, ISSN: 0012-186XAims/hypothesisDrug and surgical-based therapies in type 2 diabetes are associated with altered gut microbiota architecture. Here we investigated the role of the gut microbiome in improved glucose homeostasis following bariatric surgery.MethodsWe carried out gut microbiome analyses in gastrectomised (by vertical sleeve gastrectomy [VSG]) rats of the Goto–Kakizaki (GK) non-obese model of spontaneously occurring type 2 diabetes, followed by physiological studies in the GK rat.ResultsVSG in the GK rat led to permanent improvement of glucose tolerance associated with minor changes in the gut microbiome, mostly characterised by significant enrichment of caecal Prevotella copri. Gut microbiota enrichment with P. copri in GK rats through permissive antibiotic treatment, inoculation of gut microbiota isolated from gastrectomised GK rats, and direct inoculation of P. copri, resulted in significant improvement of glucose tolerance, independent of changes in body weight. Plasma bile acids were increased in GK rats following inoculation with P. copri and P. copri-enriched microbiota from VSG-treated rats; the inoculated GK rats then showed increased liver glycogen and upregulated expression of Fxr (also known as Nr1h4), Srebf1c, Chrebp (also known as Mlxipl) and Il10 and downregulated expression of Cyp7a1.ConclusionsOur data underline the impact of intestinal P. copri on improved glucose homeostasis through enhanced bile acid metabolism and farnesoid X receptor (FXR) signalling, which may represent a promising opportunity for novel type 2 diabetes therapeutics.
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Conference paperWoodhouse C, Edwards L, Mullish BH, et al., 2020,
LBP29 Results of the PROFIT trial, a PROspective randomised placebo controlled feasibility trial of Faecal mIcrobiota Transplantation in advanced cirrhosis
, Digital International Liver Congress, Publisher: Elsevier, Pages: S77-S78, ISSN: 0168-8278 -
Journal articleMichael DR, Jack AA, Masetti G, et al., 2020,
A randomised controlled study shows supplementation of overweight and obese adults with lactobacilli and bifidobacteria reduces bodyweight and improves well-being
, Scientific Reports, Vol: 10<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>In an exploratory, block-randomised, parallel, double-blind, single-centre, placebo-controlled superiority study (ISRCTN12562026, funded by Cultech Ltd), 220 Bulgarian participants (30 to 65 years old) with BMI 25–34.9 kg/m<jats:sup>2</jats:sup> received Lab4P probiotic (50 billion/day) or a matched placebo for 6 months. Participants maintained their normal diet and lifestyle. Primary outcomes were changes in body weight, BMI, waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WtHR), blood pressure and plasma lipids. Secondary outcomes were changes in plasma C-reactive protein (CRP), the diversity of the faecal microbiota, quality of life (QoL) assessments and the incidence of upper respiratory tract infection (URTI). Significant between group decreases in body weight (1.3 kg, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < 0.0001), BMI (0.045 kg/m<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < 0.0001), WC (0.94 cm, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < 0.0001) and WtHR (0.006, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < 0.0001) were in favour of the probiotic. Stratification identified greater body weight reductions in overweight subjects (1.88%, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < 0.0001) and in females (1.62%, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.0005). Greatest weight losses were among probiotic hypercholesterolaemic participants (−2.5%, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < 0.0001) alongside a significant between group reduction in small dense LDL-cholesterol (0.2 mmol/L, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.0241). Improvements in QoL and the incidence rate ratio of URTI (0.60, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> <&thins
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