New research projects funded by donor-led COVID-19 response fund

A team creating a low cost, high performance emergency ventilator have been supported by the fund

Imperial has announced the winners of the first round of funding for projects tackling the coronavirus pandemic.

The ten research projects are the first to be awarded funding from Imperial's COVID-19 Response Fund. Launched in March, The Fund provides rapid support to projects with the potential to make a major impact in the fight against the novel coronavirus.

The Fund will also be used to support the welfare of staff and students serving in the frontlines of Trust hospitals.

The news follows a landmark £200,000 donation from the Hinduja Foundation and Ashok Leyland, the largest gift to the COVID-19 Response Fund to date.

The fund was seeded by central funding from Imperial, with the President’s Fund providing major financial support. Backed by more than 400 donors to date, it is intended to bolster existing funding from government, charities, and philanthropists. 

I am proud to witness our community rising to the most urgent crisis in a generation. Professor Nick Jennings Vice Provost (Research and Enterprise)

The ten successful projects are the result of an unprecedented College-wide effort to respond to the crisis, with staff and students channeling their expertise to develop vaccines, improve diagnostics, advance therapies, strengthen epidemiology and provide essential healthcare. 

Professor Nick Jennings, Vice Provost (Research and Enterprise) at Imperial College London, chairs the expert panel allocating the funding, selecting projects based on  research excellence, clinical need, relevant expertise, deliverability and potential outcomes. They are distributing grants on a rapid, rolling basis, taking real time advice from clinical, virological and public health advice on current need.

Professor Jennings said: “I am proud to witness our community rising to the most urgent crisis in a generation. The impact of Imperial’s COVID-19 work, from our research to our community volunteering, can already be seen in labs, newspapers and hospitals across the country. The support of our alumni, friends and donors will greatly enhance our efforts this critical time in the pandemic. We are profoundly grateful for their ongoing support.”  

Answering COVID-19 questions

Professor Shiranee Sriskandan is leading a team to better understand the pathogenesis and prognosis of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19. 

Researching acute infectious diseases is inherently difficult, because patients do not present to hospital at predictable times and either rapidly get better or may die from infection. To address this research gap, a project called BioAID - involving collaborators from across NIHR Biomedical Research Centres - was set up. Over the last five years the project has biobanked 2700 samples obtained at the point of admission from adult patients admitted with acute infections.

The Imperial BioAID team has continued to recruit samples throughout the COVID-19 crisis and is now in a position to investigate samples collected in the first stage of the epidemic in London.

This project - which also involves Myrsini Kaforou (Department of Infectious Disease) and Professor Graham Cooke alongside collaborators across college and other BioAID consortium members - intend to use this sample set to better understand what immunological features of COVID-19 hospital patients distinguish them from others with acute infection, and how this might affect how we diagnose and treat them. They will also explore whether there are immunological differences between men and women that could help explain why more men than women end up in intensive care or die from COVID-19.

Professor Sriskandan said: “BioAID would not be possible without the contribution of clinical staff, reseach nurses, and biomedical scientists who support sample collection.”

Low cost emergency ventilator 

One of the first recipients of funding was a team of bioengineers and medics who have designed a low cost, high performance emergency ventilator to help patients with coronavirus. 

The ventilator, called JamVent, has been designed by a team of bioengineers and medics so that it doesn’t rely on specialist parts, but can perform the demanding tasks necessary for treating patients with COVID-19. 

The device could help offer a solution to ventilator shortages worldwide, particularly for health services in developing countries.  

The team have made the design freely available for manufacturers and health services around the world to download to help them in the fight against coronavirus. 

Project lead Dr Joseph Sherwood, from Imperial’s Department of Bioengineering, said: “We aimed to produce a device that could perform all of the critical functions of ICU ventilators, using simple components outside of the medical supply chain. 

"The resulting design is straightforward to manufacture with low cost components, which should allow us to ramp up production quickly.” 

Should the public use facemasks? 

Dr Jiansheng Xiang, from the Department of Earth Science & Engineering, was awarded funding for a project investigating the effectiveness of face masks to reduce a person's risk of exposure to COVID-19. 

Since the global outbreak of the pandemic, members of the public wearing surgical masks to try and protect themselves from COVID-19 has become an increasingly common sight. However there is ongoing debate about the use of face masks in the community, with evidence to support their use in this way currently limited. 

Dr Xiang and his team will investigate their effectiveness by modelling the airflow of a person’s breathing and the mechanics of the material that the mask is made of. 

The findings will enable them to make recommendations on how face mask design can be improved with the aim to reduce COVID-19 infection rates in NHS and key workers and the public.  

Dr Xiang said: “Many people remain confused about the efficacy of masks in preventing the spread of COVID-19. This study will use our high-fidelity numerical modelling to investigate the effectiveness of face masks to prevent virus laden droplet or particle transmission from infected individuals.  

“People are particularly interested in whether, if they believe they are uninfected, the wearing of a mask provides them with protection from what’s out there, as well as the effect of an infected person wearing a mask to prevent the spread of their infection to others. So our study aims to close the evidence gap and investigate exposure hazards to COVID-19 with and without face masks.” 

To support these efforts and find out more, visit the Imperial College COVID-19 Response Fund webpage.