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Journal articleCarlisle T, Ward NR, Atalla A, et al., 2017,
Investigation of the link between fluid shift and airway collapsibility as a mechanism for obstructive sleep apnea in congestive heart failure
, Physiological Reports, Vol: 5, ISSN: 2051-817XThe increased prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in congestive heart failure (CHF) may be associated with rostral fluid shift. We investigated the effect of overnight rostral fluid shift on pharyngeal collapsibility (Pcrit), pharyngeal caliber (APmean), and apnea‐hypopnea index (AHI) in CHF patients. Twenty‐three optimally treated systolic CHF patients were studied. Neck circumference was measured immediately prior to sleep in the evening and immediately after waking in the morning as a marker of rostral fluid shift. Pcrit was measured during sleep, early and late in the night. APmean was measured using acoustic reflection at the same times as neck circumference measurements. 15/23 CHF patients experienced an overnight increase in neck circumference; overall neck circumference significantly increased overnight (mean±SD, evening: 41.7 ± 3.2 cm; morning: 42.3 ± 3.1 cm; P = 0.03). Pcrit increased significantly overnight (early‐night: −3.8 ± 3.3 cmH2O; late‐night: −2.6 ± 3.0 cmH2O; P = 0.03) and APmean decreased (evening: 4.2 ± 1.3 cm2; morning: 3.7 ± 1.3 cm2; P = 0.006). The total AHI correlated with neck circumference (r = 0.4; P = 0.04) and Pcrit (r = 0.5; P = 0.01). APmean correlated with neck circumference (r = −0.47; P = 0.02). There was no significant change in AHI between the first and second half of the night (first‐half: 12.9 ± 12.4/h; second‐half: 13.7 ± 13.3/h; P = 0.6). Overnight rostral fluid shift was associated with increased pharyngeal collapsibility and decreased pharyngeal caliber during sleep in CHF patients. Rostral fluid shift may be an important mechanism of OSA in this patient group.
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Journal articleBousquet J, Bewick M, Cano A, et al., 2017,
Building bridges for innovation in ageing: Synergies between action groups of the EIP on AHA
, Journal of Nutrition, Health and Aging, Vol: 21, Pages: 92-104, ISSN: 1279-7707The Strategic Implementation Plan of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing (EIP on AHA) proposed six Action Groups. After almost three years of activity, many achievements have been obtained through commitments or collaborative work of the Action Groups. However, they have often worked in silos and, consequently, synergies between Action Groups have been proposed to strengthen the triple win of the EIP on AHA. The paper presents the methodology and current status of the Task Force on EIP on AHA synergies. Synergies are in line with the Action Groups’ new Renovated Action Plan (2016-2018) to ensure that their future objectives are coherent and fully connected. The outcomes and impact of synergies are using the Monitoring and Assessment Framework for the EIP on AHA (MAFEIP). Eight proposals for synergies have been approved by the Task Force: Five cross-cutting synergies which can be used for all current and future synergies as they consider overarching domains (appropriate polypharmacy, citizen empowerment, teaching and coaching on AHA, deployment of synergies to EU regions, Responsible Research and Innovation), and three cross-cutting synergies focussing on current Action Group activities (falls, frailty, integrated care and chronic respiratory diseases).
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Conference paperBonvini SJ, Adcock JJ, Dubuis E, et al., 2017,
Trpm3: A Regulator Of Airway Sensory Nerves And Respiratory Reflexes Via Distinct Mechanisms
, International Conference of the American-Thoracic-Society (ATS), Publisher: AMER THORACIC SOC, ISSN: 1073-449X -
Conference paperAlqurashi Y, Moss J, Nakamura T, et al., 2017,
The Efficacy Of In-Ear Electroencephalography (eeg) To Monitor Sleep Latency And The Impact Of Sleep Deprivation
, International Conference of the American-Thoracic-Society (ATS), Publisher: AMER THORACIC SOC, ISSN: 1073-449X -
Conference paperDonaldson GC, Wedzicha JA, 2017,
Rise In Blood Neutrophils, And Falls In Eosinophils, Over Time Is Associated With Mortality In COPD: A Joint Model Analysis
, International Conference of the American-Thoracic-Society (ATS), Publisher: AMER THORACIC SOC, ISSN: 1073-449X -
Conference paperSmith JA, McGarvey L, Morice AH, et al., 2017,
Efficacy Of Aclidinium Bromide 400 μg On The Relief Of Cough Symptoms In Symptomatic Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Cough Severity Subgroup Analysis
, International Conference of the American-Thoracic-Society (ATS), Publisher: AMER THORACIC SOC, ISSN: 1073-449X -
Book chapterWortley MA, Birrell MA, Belvisi MG, 2017,
Drugs Affecting TRP Channels
, PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS OF ASTHMA AND COPD, Editors: Page, Barnes, Publisher: SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN, Pages: 213-241, ISBN: 978-3-319-52173-2- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 13
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Conference paperAllinson JP, Donaldson GC, Wedzicha JA, 2017,
Is The Absence Of Purulence Sputum At Exacerbation Useful For Guiding Long-Term Therapy?
, International Conference of the American-Thoracic-Society (ATS), Publisher: AMER THORACIC SOC, ISSN: 1073-449X -
Conference paperDonaldson GC, Wedzicha JA, 2017,
Rate Of Deterioration In Sgrq Is Independently Predictive Of Mortality In COPD
, International Conference of the American-Thoracic-Society (ATS), Publisher: AMER THORACIC SOC, ISSN: 1073-449X -
Conference paperDonaldson GC, Allinson JP, Finney L, et al., 2017,
Not All Treated COPD Exacerbations Are Associated With A Raised C-Reactive Protein
, International Conference of the American-Thoracic-Society (ATS), Publisher: AMER THORACIC SOC, ISSN: 1073-449X -
Conference paperThorley A, Ogger P, Legorburo-Schofield M, et al., 2017,
Nintedanib Effectively Inhibits Carbon Nanotube-Induced Fibrotic Responses In Human Alveolar Epithelial Cells, Fibroblasts And Pulmonary Microvascular Endothelial Cells
, International Conference of the American-Thoracic-Society (ATS), Publisher: AMER THORACIC SOC, ISSN: 1073-449X -
Conference paperSmith JA, McGarvey L, Morice AH, et al., 2017,
The Effect Of Aclidinium Bromide 400 μg On The Relief Of Daily Symptoms Associated With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Including Cough
, International Conference of the American-Thoracic-Society (ATS), Publisher: AMER THORACIC SOC, ISSN: 1073-449X -
Journal articleLaw M, Sweeting MJ, Donaldson GC, et al., 2016,
Misspecification of at-risk periods and distributional assumptions in estimating COPD exacerbation rates: the resultant bias in treatment effect estimation
, Pharmaceutical Statistics, Vol: 16, Pages: 201-209, ISSN: 1539-1604In trials comparing the rate of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation between treatment arms, the rate is typically calculated on the basis of the whole of each patient's follow-up period. However, the true time a patient is at risk should exclude periods in which an exacerbation episode is occurring, because a patient cannot be at risk of another exacerbation episode until recovered. We used data from two chronic obstructive pulmonary disease randomized controlled trials and compared treatment effect estimates and confidence intervals when using two different definitions of the at-risk period. Using a simulation study we examined the bias in the estimated treatment effect and the coverage of the confidence interval, using these two definitions of the at-risk period. We investigated how the sample size required for a given power changes on the basis of the definition of at-risk period used. Our results showed that treatment efficacy is underestimated when the at-risk period does not take account of exacerbation duration, and the power to detect a statistically significant result is slightly diminished. Correspondingly, using the correct at-risk period, some modest savings in required sample size can be achieved. Using the proposed at-risk period that excludes recovery times requires formal definitions of the beginning and end of an exacerbation episode, and we recommend these be always predefined in a trial protocol.
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Journal articleBeeh KM, Burgel P-R, Franssen FME, et al., 2016,
How Do Dual Long-Acting Bronchodilators Prevent Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease?
, AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE, Vol: 196, Pages: 139-149, ISSN: 1073-449XDecreasing the frequency and severity of exacerbations is one of the main goals of treatment for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Several studies have documented that long-acting bronchodilators can reduce exacerbation rate and/or severity, and others have shown that combinations of long-acting β2-adrenergic agonists (LABAs) and long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMAs) provide greater reductions in exacerbation frequency than either their monocomponents or LABA/inhaled corticosteroid combinations in patients at low and high risk for these events. In this review, small groups of experts critically evaluated mechanisms potentially responsible for the increased benefit of LABA/LAMA combinations over single long-acting bronchodilators or LABA/inhaled corticosteroids in decreasing exacerbation. These included effects on lung hyperinflation and mechanical stress, inflammation, excessive mucus production with impaired mucociliary clearance, and symptom severity. The data assembled and analyzed by each group were reviewed by all authors and combined into this manuscript. Available clinical results support the possibility that effects of LABA/LAMA combinations on hyperinflation, mucociliary clearance, and symptom severity may all contribute to decreasing exacerbations. Although preclinical studies suggest LABAs and LAMAs have antiinflammatory effects, such effects have not been demonstrated yet in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
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Journal articleJohnson CL, Rogers DF, 2016,
WHY IS ERDOSTEINE RECOMMENDED AS A TREATMENT FOR ACUTE EXACERBATIONS OF CHRONIC BRONCHITIS? A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF CLINICAL TRIALS
, THORAX, Vol: 71, Pages: A157-A157, ISSN: 0040-6376 -
Journal articleEastwood PR, Morrell MJ, Malhotra A, 2016,
Update in respiratory sleep disorders: Prologue to a modern review series
, RESPIROLOGY, Vol: 22, Pages: 17-18, ISSN: 1323-7799 -
Journal articleAllinson JP, Hardy R, Donaldson GC, et al., 2016,
EARLY-LIFE RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION AND ADULT SUSCEPTIBILITY TO CHRONIC MUCUS HYPERSECRETION - A PROSPECTIVE 64 YEAR NATIONAL BIRTH COHORT STUDY
, THORAX, Vol: 71, Pages: A1-A2, ISSN: 0040-6376 -
Conference paperRasiah MG, Michaeloudes C, Svermova T, et al., 2016,
PLASMA SYNDECAN-1 LEVEL AS A PREDICTIVE MARKER OF VASOPLEGIA ASSOCIATED WITH SURGERY REQUIRING CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS AND POSSIBLE INVOLVEMENT OF OXIDATIVE STRESS
, British Thoracic Society Winter Meeting 2016, Publisher: BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP, Pages: A9-A9, ISSN: 0040-6376 -
Conference paperMcErlean P, Kelly A, Dhariwal J, et al., 2016,
EPIGENETIC LANDSCAPE OF THE ASTHMATIC AIRWAYS
, British Thoracic Society Winter Meeting 2016, Publisher: BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP, Pages: A214-A214, ISSN: 0040-6376 -
Conference paperFinney LJ, Belchamber KBR, Mallia P, et al., 2016,
HUMAN RHINOVIRUS IMPAIRS THE INNATE IMMUNE RESPONSE TO BACTERIA IN MONOCYTE DERIVED MACROPHAGES FROM PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
, British Thoracic Society Winter Meeting 2016, Publisher: BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP, Pages: A2-A2, ISSN: 0040-6376
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