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Journal articleBarnes PJ, 2024,
Asthma-COPD coexistence
, JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY, Vol: 154, Pages: 275-277, ISSN: 0091-6749- Cite
- Citations: 4
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Journal articleBousquet J, Sousa-Pinto B, Anto JM, et al., 2024,
MASK-air: An OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) Best Practice for Public Health on Integrated Care for Chronic Diseases.
, J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract, Vol: 12, Pages: 2010-2016.e7In the recent report of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) on Best Practices (BPs) for Integrating Care to Prevent and Manage Chronic Diseases, an app on rhinitis and asthma (MASK-air [Mobile Airways Sentinel networK for airway diseases]) has been listed. The OECD is a reliable source of evidence-based policy analysis and economic data largely used by governments. It has published several BPs on public health. On May 10, 2023, the OECD published 13 BPs for Integrating Care to Prevent and Manage Chronic Diseases in the European Union. The report did not cover all models of integrated care; rather, it "focuse(d) on those that are of key strategic interest to policy makers." New MASK-air studies (not published in the report) include equity, usability of the app in old-age adults, economic impact, quality of life, and allergen immunotherapy. MASK-air is freely available on iOS and Android in 30 countries and has been recently introduced in the United States. The MASK-air OECD BP represents a model of digitally enabled, patient-centered care for chronic diseases using a holistic approach of shared decision making.
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Journal articleTamisier R, Pepin J-L, Cowie MR, et al., 2024,
Effect of adaptive servo ventilation on central sleep apnea and sleep structure in systolic heart failure patients: Polysomnography data from the SERVE-HF major sub study (vol 31, e13694, 2022)
, JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH, ISSN: 0962-1105 -
Journal articleKatsoulis O, Toussaint M, Jackson M, et al., 2024,
Neutrophil extracellular traps promote immunopathogenesis of virus-induced COPD exacerbations
, Nature Communications, Vol: 15, ISSN: 2041-1723Respiratory viruses are a major trigger of exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Airway neutrophilia is a hallmark feature of stable and exacerbated COPD but roles played by neutrophil extracellular traps (NETS) in driving disease pathogenesis are unclear. Here, using human studies of experimentally-induced and naturally-occurring exacerbations we identify that rhinovirus infection induces airway NET formation which is amplified in COPD and correlates with magnitude of inflammation and clinical exacerbation severity. We show that inhibiting NETosis protects mice from immunopathology in a model of virus-exacerbated COPD. NETs drive inflammation during exacerbations through release of double stranded DNA (dsDNA) and administration of DNAse in mice has similar protective effects. Thus, NETosis, through release of dsDNA, has a functional role in the pathogenesis of COPD exacerbations. These studies open up the potential for therapeutic targeting of NETs or dsDNA as a strategy for treating virus-exacerbated COPD.
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Journal articleBrasier AR, Zhao Y, Chung KF, 2024,
Editorial: Mucosal adaptations to chronic airway injury: mechanisms and interrelationships of epithelial plasticity on innate immunity and airway remodeling
, FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY, Vol: 15, ISSN: 1664-3224 -
Journal articleHopkinson N, Woolnough S, Dickson J, et al., 2024,
New Labour government must reintroduce Tobacco and Vapes Bill in next parliamentary session
, BMJ: British Medical Journal, Vol: 386, Pages: q1483-q1483, ISSN: 0959-535X -
Journal articleLong MB, Gilmour A, Kehl M, et al., 2024,
A Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody Targeting Psl and PcrV Enhances Neutrophil-Mediated Killing of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> in Patients with Bronchiectasis
, AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE, Vol: 210, Pages: 35-46, ISSN: 1073-449X -
Journal articleHopkinson NS, Vrinten C, Parnham JC, et al., 2024,
Association of time spent on social media with youth cigarette smoking and e-cigarette use in the UK: a national longitudinal study
, Thorax, Vol: 79, ISSN: 0040-6376Background Social media may influence children and young people’s health behaviour, including cigarette and e-cigarette use.Methods We analysed data from participants aged 10–25 years in the UK Household Longitudinal Study 2015–2021. The amount of social media use reported on a normal weekday was related to current cigarette smoking and e-cigarette use. Generalised estimating equation (GEE) logistic regression models investigated associations of social media use with cigarette smoking and e-cigarette use. Models controlled for possible confounders including age, sex, country of UK, ethnicity, household income and use of cigarette/e-cigarettes by others within the home.Results Among 10 808 participants with 27 962 observations, current cigarette smoking was reported by 8.6% of participants for at least one time point, and current e-cigarette use by 2.5% of participants. In adjusted GEE models, more frequent use of social media was associated with greater odds of current cigarette smoking. This was particularly apparent at higher levels of use (eg, adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 3.60, 95% CI 2.61 to 4.96 for ≥7 hours/day vs none). Associations were similar for e-cigarettes (AOR 2.73, 95% CI 1.40 to 5.29 for ≥7 hours/day social media use vs none). There was evidence of dose–response in associations between time spent on social media and both cigarette and e-cigarette use (both p<0.001). Analyses stratified by sex and household income found similar associations for cigarettes; however, for e-cigarettes associations were concentrated among males and those from higher household income groups.Conclusions Social media use is associated with increased risk of cigarette smoking and e-cigarette use. There is a need for greater research on this issue as well as potential policy responses.
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Journal articleOrlovic M, Tzelis D, Guerra I, et al., 2024,
Environmental, healthcare and societal impacts of asthma: a UK model-based assessment
, ERJ OPEN RESEARCH, Vol: 10 -
Journal articlePark S-Y, Fowler S, Shaw DE, et al., 2024,
Comparison of asthma phenotypes in severe asthma cohorts (SARP, U-BIOPRED, ProAR and COREA) from 4 continents
, Allergy, asthma & immunology research, Vol: 16, Pages: 338-352, ISSN: 2092-7355PURPOSE: Asthma is a clinical syndrome with various underlying pathomechanisms and clinical phenotypes. Genetic, ethnic, and geographic factors may influence the differences in clinical presentation, severity, and prognosis. We compared the characteristics of asthma based on the geographical background by analyzing representative cohorts from the United States, Europe, South America, and Asia using the Severe Asthma Research Program (SARP), Unbiased Biomarkers for the Prediction of Respiratory Disease Outcomes (U-BIOPRED), Program for Control of Asthma in Bahia (ProAR), and Cohort for Reality and Evolution of Adult Asthma in Korea (COREA), respectively. METHODS: The clinical characteristics and medications for the SARP (n = 669), U-BIOPRED (n = 509), ProAR (n = 996), and COREA (n = 3,748) were analyzed. Subgroup analysis was performed for severe asthma. RESULTS: The mean age was highest and lowest in the COREA and SARP, respectively. The asthma onset age was lowest in the ProAR. The mean body mass index was highest and lowest in the SARP and COREA, respectively. Baseline pulmonary function was lowest and highest in the U-BIOPRED and COREA, respectively. The number of patients with acute exacerbation in the previous year was highest in U-BIOPRED. The mean blood eosinophil count was highest in COREA. The total immunoglobulin E was highest in the ProAR. The frequency of atopy was highest in the SARP. The principal component analysis plot revealed differences among all cohorts. CONCLUSIONS: The cohorts from 4 different continents exhibited different clinical and physiological characteristics, probably resulting from the interplay between genetic susceptibility and geographical factors.
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Journal articleKermani NZ, Li C-X, Versi A, et al., 2024,
Endotypes of severe neutrophilic and eosinophilic asthma from multi-omics integration of U-BIOPRED sputum samples
, Clinical and Translational Medicine, Vol: 14, ISSN: 2001-1326BackgroundClustering approaches using single omics platforms are increasingly used to characterise molecular phenotypes of eosinophilic and neutrophilic asthma. Effective integration of multi-omics platforms should lead towards greater refinement of asthma endotypes across molecular dimensions and indicate key targets for intervention or biomarker development.ObjectivesTo determine whether multi-omics integration of sputum leads to improved granularity of the molecular classification of severe asthma.MethodsWe analyzed six -omics data blocks–microarray transcriptomics, gene set variation analysis of microarray transcriptomics, SomaSCAN proteomics assay, shotgun proteomics, 16S microbiome sequencing, and shotgun metagenomic sequencing–from induced sputum samples of 57 severe asthma patients, 15 mild-moderate asthma patients, and 13 healthy volunteers in the U-BIOPRED European cohort. We used Monti consensus clustering algorithm for aggregation of clustering results and Similarity Network Fusion to integrate the 6 multi-omics datasets of the 72 asthmatics.ResultsFive stable omics-associated clusters were identified (OACs). OAC1 had the best lung function with the least number of severe asthmatics with sputum paucigranulocytic inflammation. OAC5 also had fewer severe asthma patients but the highest incidence of atopy and allergic rhinitis, with paucigranulocytic inflammation. OAC3 comprised only severe asthmatics with the highest sputum eosinophilia. OAC2 had the highest sputum neutrophilia followed by OAC4 with both clusters consisting of mostly severe asthma but with more ex/current smokers in OAC4. Compared to OAC4, there was higher incidence of nasal polyps, allergic rhinitis, and eczema in OAC2. OAC2 had microbial dysbiosis with abundant Moraxella catarrhalis and Haemophilus influenzae. OAC4 was associated with pathways linked to IL-22 cytokine activation, with the prediction of therapeutic response to anti-IL22 antibody therapy.ConclusionMulti-omics a
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Journal articleAlsaif SS, Douglas W, Steier J, et al., 2024,
Mandibular movement monitor provides faster, yet accurate diagnosis for obstructive sleep apnoea: A randomised controlled study
, CLINICAL MEDICINE, Vol: 24, ISSN: 1470-2118 -
Journal articleChen D-F, Su Z-Q, Luo Y-L, et al., 2024,
Establishment of a novel severe asthma canine model: Feasible research platform of respiratory intervention therapies
, ALLERGY, ISSN: 0105-4538 -
Journal articleSaikumar Jayalatha AK, Ketelaar ME, Hesse L, et al., 2024,
IL-33 induced gene expression in activated Th2 effector cells is dependent on IL-1RL1 haplotype and asthma status
, European Respiratory Journal, Vol: 63, ISSN: 0903-1936IL-33 response in Th2 cells is specific to asthma and represents a high risk haplotype, highlighting its role in airway wall cells. Yet, its detection is challenging in bulk asthma transcriptomes due to the scarcity of effector Th2 cells. https://bit.ly/3WhuMbo
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Book chapterBernardino de la Serna J, Nurshad A, Liu X, et al., 2024,
Exposure-on-a-chip as a model for inhalation toxicology and pharmacology research
, Human Organs-on-a-Chip Technology, Editors: Mohanan, Publisher: Academic Press, Pages: 365-380, ISBN: 9780443137822Lastly, the book addresses issues related to the development of microfluidic devices and alternative test systems in biological and biomedical research.
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Journal articleVieira RJ, Leemann L, Briggs A, et al., 2024,
Poor Rhinitis and Asthma Control Is Associated With Decreased Health-Related Quality of Life and Utilities: A MASK-air Study.
, J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract, Vol: 12, Pages: 1530-1538.e6BACKGROUND: Allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma may affect health-related quality of life. However, national estimates on the quality of life of patients with AR or asthma are lacking. OBJECTIVE: To provide estimates for utility scores and EuroQoL five-dimension (EQ-5D) visual analog scale (VAS) for patients with AR or asthma. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study using direct patient data from the MASK-air app on European MASK-air users with self-reported AR or asthma. We used a multi-attribute instrument (EQ-5D) to measure quality of life (as utility scores and EQ-5D VAS values). Mean scores were calculated per country and disease control level using multilevel regression models with poststratification, accounting for age and sex biases. RESULTS: We assessed data from 7905 MASK-air users reporting a total of up to 82,737 days. For AR, utilities ranged from 0.86 to 0.99 for good control versus 0.72 to 0.85 for poor control; EQ-5D VAS levels ranged from 78.9 to 87.9 for good control versus 55.3 to 64.2 for poor control. For asthma, utilities ranged from 0.84 to 0.97 for good control versus 0.73 to 0.87 for poor control; EQ-5D VAS levels ranged from 68.4 to 81.5 for good control versus 51.4 to 64.2 for poor control. Poor disease control was associated with a mean loss of 0.14 utilities for both AR and asthma. For the same control levels, AR and asthma were associated with similar utilities and EQ-5D VAS levels. However, lower values were observed for asthma plus AR compared with AR alone. CONCLUSIONS: Poor AR or asthma control are associated with reduced quality of life. The estimates obtained from mobile health data may provide valuable insights for health technology assessment studies.
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Journal articleDoe G, El-Emir E, Edwards GD, et al., 2024,
Comparing performance of primary care clinicians in the interpretation of SPIROmetry with or without Artificial Intelligence Decision support software (SPIRO-AID): a protocol for a randomised controlled trial
, BMJ Open, Vol: 14, ISSN: 2044-6055INTRODUCTION: Spirometry is a point-of-care lung function test that helps support the diagnosis and monitoring of chronic lung disease. The quality and interpretation accuracy of spirometry is variable in primary care. This study aims to evaluate whether artificial intelligence (AI) decision support software improves the performance of primary care clinicians in the interpretation of spirometry, against reference standard (expert interpretation). METHODS AND ANALYSIS: A parallel, two-group, statistician-blinded, randomised controlled trial of primary care clinicians in the UK, who refer for, or interpret, spirometry. People with specialist training in respiratory medicine to consultant level were excluded. A minimum target of 228 primary care clinician participants will be randomised with a 1:1 allocation to assess fifty de-identified, real-world patient spirometry sessions through an online platform either with (intervention group) or without (control group) AI decision support software report. Outcomes will cover primary care clinicians' spirometry interpretation performance including measures of technical quality assessment, spirometry pattern recognition and diagnostic prediction, compared with reference standard. Clinicians' self-rated confidence in spirometry interpretation will also be evaluated. The primary outcome is the proportion of the 50 spirometry sessions where the participant's preferred diagnosis matches the reference diagnosis. Unpaired t-tests and analysis of covariance will be used to estimate the difference in primary outcome between intervention and control groups. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This study has been reviewed and given favourable opinion by Health Research Authority Wales (reference: 22/HRA/5023). Results will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals, presented at relevant national and international conferences, disseminated through social media, patient and public routes and directly shared with stakeholders. TRIAL REGI
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Journal articleAbdolmohammadi-Vahid S, Baradaran B, Sadeghi A, et al., 2024,
Effects of toll-like receptor agonists and SARS-CoV-2 antigens on interferon (IFN) expression by peripheral blood CD3+ T cells from COVID-19 patients
, Experimental and Molecular Pathology, Vol: 137, ISSN: 0014-4800BACKGROUND: Signaling by toll-like receptors (TLRs) initiates important immune responses against viral infection. The role of TLRs in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is not well elucidated. Thus, we investigated the interaction of TLRs agonists and SARS-COV-2 antigens with immune cells in vitro. MATERIAL & METHODS: 30 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients (15 severe and 15 moderate) and 10 age and sex-matched healthy control (HC) were enrolled. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated and activated with TLR3, 7, 8, and 9 agonists, the spike protein (SP) of SARS-CoV-2, and the receptor binding domain (RBD) of SP. Frequencies of CD3+IFN-β+ T cells, and CD3+IFN-γ+ T cells were evaluated by flow cytometry. Interferon (IFN)-β gene expression was assessed by qRT-PCR. RESULTS: The frequency of CD3+IFN-β+ T cells was higher in PBMCs from moderate (p < 0.0001) and severe (p = 0.009) patients at baseline in comparison with HCs. The highest increase in the frequency of CD3+IFN-β+ T cells in cell from moderate patients was induced by TLR8 agonist and SP (p < 0.0001 for both) when compared to HC, while, the highest increase of the frequency of CD3+IFN-β+ T cells in sample of severe patients was seen with TLR8 and TLR7 agonists (both p = 0.002). The frequency of CD3+IFN-γ+ T cells was significantly increased upon stimulation with TLR agonists in cell from patients with moderate and severe COVID-19, compared with HC (all p < 0.01), except with TLR7 and TLR8 agonists. The TLR8 agonist did not significantly increase the frequency of CD3+IFN-γ+ T cells in PBMCs of severe patients, but did so in cells from patients with moderate disease (p = 0.01). Moreover, IFN-β gene expression was significantly upregulated in CD3+T cells from moderate (p < 0.0001) and severe (p = 0.002) COVID-19
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Journal articleMitchell SM, Meldrum K, Bateman JWP, et al., 2024,
Development and characterisation of a novel complex triple cell culture model of the human alveolar epithelial barrier
, IN VITRO MODELS, Vol: 3, Pages: 125-137, ISSN: 2731-3433 -
Journal articleQin R, Liu Z, Cheng A-Q, et al., 2024,
Efficacy of varenicline or bupropion and its association with nicotine metabolite ratio among smokers with COPD
, RESPIROLOGY, Vol: 29, Pages: 479-488, ISSN: 1323-7799
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