@article{Tsukada:2023:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105776,
author = {Tsukada, H and Nguyen, T-TN and Breeze, J and Masouros, SD},
doi = {10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105776},
journal = {Journal of The Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials},
pages = {1--6},
title = {The risk of fragment penetrating injury to the heart},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105776},
volume = {141},
year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
AB  - Injury due to the penetration of fragments into parts of the body has been the major cause of morbidity and mortality after an explosion. Penetrating injuries into the heart present very high mortality, yet the risk associated with such injuries has not been quantified. Quantifying this risk is key in the design of personal protection and the design of infrastructure.This study is the first quantitative assessment of cardiac penetrating injuries from energised fragments. Typical fragments (5-mm sphere, 0.78-g right-circular cylinder and 1.1-g chisel-nosed cylinder) were accelerated to a range of target striking velocities using a bespoke gas-gun system and impacted ventricular and atrial walls of lamb hearts. The severity of injury was shown to not depend on location (ventricular or atrial wall). The striking velocity with 50% probability of critical injury (Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) 5 score) ranged between 31 and 36 m/s across all 3 fragments used. These findings can help directly in reducing morbidity and mortality from explosive events as they can be implemented readily into models that aim to predict casualties in an explosive event, inform protocols for first responders, and improve design of infrastructure and personal protective equipment.
AU  - Tsukada,H
AU  - Nguyen,T-TN
AU  - Breeze,J
AU  - Masouros,SD
DO  - 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105776
EP  - 6
PY  - 2023///
SN  - 1751-6161
SP  - 1
TI  - The risk of fragment penetrating injury to the heart
T2  - Journal of The Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105776
UR  - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1751616123001297
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/105574
VL  - 141
ER  - 

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