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• Journal article
  Bayona S, Akhtar K, Gupte C, Emery RJH, Dodds AL, Bello Fet al., 2014,

  Assessing performance in shoulder arthroscopy: The Imperial Global Arthroscopy Rating Scale (IGARS)

  , Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery: American Volume, Vol: 96A, ISSN: 0021-9355

  Background: Surgical training is undergoing major changes with reduced resident work hours and an increasing focus on patient safety and surgical aptitude. The aim of this study was to create a valid, reliable method for an assessment of arthroscopic skills that is independent of time and place and is designed for both real and simulated settings. The validity of the scale was tested using a virtual reality shoulder arthroscopy simulator.Methods: The study consisted of two parts. In the first part, an Imperial Global Arthroscopy Rating Scale for assessing technical performance was developed using a Delphi method. Application of this scale required installing a dual-camera system to synchronously record the simulator screen and body movements of trainees to allow an assessment that is independent of time and place. The scale includes aspects such as efficient portal positioning, angles of instrument insertion, proficiency in handling the arthroscope and adequately manipulating the camera, and triangulation skills. In the second part of the study, a validation study was conducted. Two experienced arthroscopic surgeons, blinded to the identities and experience of the participants, each assessed forty-nine subjects performing three different tests using the Imperial Global Arthroscopy Rating Scale. Results were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance with measures of absolute agreement. The intraclass correlation coefficient was calculated for each test to assess inter-rater reliability.Results: The scale demonstrated high internal consistency (Cronbach alpha, 0.918). The intraclass correlation coefficient demonstrated high agreement between the assessors: 0.91 (p < 0.001). Construct validity was evaluated using Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance (chi-square test, 29.826; p < 0.001), demonstrating that the Imperial Global Arthroscopy Rating Scale distinguishes significantly between subjects with different levels of experience utilizing a virtual reali

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• Journal article
  Luboz V, Kyaw-Tun J, Sen S, Kneebone R, Dickinson R, Kitney R, Bello Fet al., 2014,

  Real-time stent and balloon simulation for stenosis treatment

  , VISUAL COMPUTER, Vol: 30, Pages: 341-349, ISSN: 0178-2789
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  • Citations: 7
• Journal article
  Villard PF, Vidal FP, Ap Cenydd L, Holbrey R, Pisharody S, Johnson S, Bulpitt A, John NW, Bello F, Gould Det al., 2014,

  Interventional radiology virtual simulator for liver biopsy

  , INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER ASSISTED RADIOLOGY AND SURGERY, Vol: 9, Pages: 255-267, ISSN: 1861-6410
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  • Citations: 19
• Journal article
  Fakhry M, Bello F, Hanna GB, 2014,

  Real Time Cancer Prediction Based on Objective Tissue Compliance Measurement in Endoscopic Surgery

  , ANNALS OF SURGERY, Vol: 259, Pages: 369-373, ISSN: 0003-4932
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  • Citations: 2
• Conference paper
  Granados A, Hald N, Di Marco A, Ahmed S, Low-Beer N, Higham J, Kneebone R, Bello Fet al., 2014,

  Real-time visualisation and analysis of internal examinations - Seeing the unseen

  , Pages: 617-625, ISSN: 0302-9743

  Internal examinations such as Digital Rectal Examination (DRE) and bimanual Vaginal Examination (BVE) are routinely performed for early diagnosis of cancer and other diseases. Although they are recognised as core skills to be taught on a medical curriculum, they are difficult to learn and teach due to their unsighted nature. We present a framework that combines a visualisation and analysis tool with position and pressure sensors to enable the study of internal examinations and provision of real-time feedback. This approach is novel as it allows for real-time continuous trajectory and pressure data to be obtained for the complete examination, which may be used for teaching and assessment. Experiments were conducted performing DRE and BVE on benchtop models, and BVE on Gynaecological Teaching Assistants (GTA). The results obtained suggest that the proposed methodology may provide an insight into what constitutes an adequate DRE or BVE, provide real-time feedback tools for learning and assessment, and inform haptics-based simulator design. © 2014 Springer International Publishing.

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  • Citations: 2
• Conference paper
  Korzeniowski P, Martinez-Martinez F, Hald N, Bello Fet al., 2014,

  Simulation of Catheters and Guidewires for Cardiovascular Interventions Using an Inextensible Cosserat Rod

  , 6th International Symposium on Biomedical Simulation (ISBMS), Publisher: SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG, Pages: 112-121, ISSN: 0302-9743
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  • Citations: 4
• Conference paper
  Hillecke M, Moscarelli M, Sutaria N, Angelini G, Bello Fet al., 2014,

  Computer-Assisted Surgical Planning for Mitral Valve Repair Using 4D Echocardiograms

  , 6th International Symposium on Biomedical Simulation (ISBMS), Publisher: SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG, Pages: 163-172, ISSN: 0302-9743
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  • Citations: 1
• Conference paper
  Granados A, Mayer E, Norton C, Ellis D, Mobasheri M, Low-Beer N, Higham J, Kneebone R, Bello Fet al., 2014,

  Haptics Modelling for Digital Rectal Examinations

  , 6th International Symposium on Biomedical Simulation (ISBMS), Publisher: SPRINGER INT PUBLISHING AG, Pages: 40-49, ISSN: 0302-9743
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  • Citations: 7

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