Procedure Modelling and SimulationSimulation-based learning is increasingly accepted not only as a viable alternative to the traditional apprenticeship model, but as a vital component of medical training and safer clinical practice. Surgical simulation is an extremely challenging area of research combining medical imagery, computer graphics, mathematical modelling and Human Computer Interfacing (HCI). Recent advances make it possible to represent and interact with complex tissue structures through suitable haptic interfaces, but a great deal of research in soft tissue modelling, photorealistic 3D models, haptic interaction, physiology and pathology modelling is still needed to develop the next generation of surgical simulators.

We have developed innovative modelling techniques and simulation algorithms with the ultimate aim of supporting patient specific mission rehearsal, training and procedure navigation. Research strands include soft tissue and physiology modelling, collision detection and response, haptic interaction and haptic interfacing. Four clinical application areas have been identified and are the focus of our efforts: endoluminal / transluminal interventions, orthopaedic surgery, general surgery (open and laparoscopic) and physical examinations (palpation).

Our development approach includes Cognitive Task Analysis, iterative technical / technological development and thorough validation. We are currently working on validating and / or extending several simulator prototypes, as well as exploring commercial opportunities.


Current projects

Current projects


Previous projects

Previous projects

General Enquiries


For further information on our research projects or current opportunities, please contact:

Professor of Surgical Computing and Simulation Science
Professor Fernando Bello

f.bello@imperial.ac.uk
+44 (0)20 3315 8231