@article{Christensen:2022:10.5194/acp-22-641-2022,
author = {Christensen, MW and Gettelman, A and Cermak, J and Dagan, G and Diamond, M and Douglas, A and Feingold, G and Glassmeier, F and Goren, T and Grosvenor, DP and Gryspeerdt, E and Kahn, R and Li, Z and Ma, P-L and Malavelle, F and McCoy, IL and McCoy, DT and McFarquhar, G and Mulmenstadt, J and Pal, S and Possner, A and Povey, A and Quaas, J and Rosenfeld, D and Schmidt, A and Schroedner, R and Sorooshian, A and Stier, P and Toll, V and Watson-Parris, D and Wood, R and Yang, M and Yuan, T},
doi = {10.5194/acp-22-641-2022},
journal = {Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics},
pages = {641--674},
title = {Opportunistic experiments to constrain aerosol effective radiative forcing},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-641-2022},
volume = {22},
year = {2022}
}

Download

TY  - JOUR
AB  - Aerosol–cloud interactions (ACIs) are considered to be the most uncertain driver of present-day radiative forcing due to human activities. The nonlinearity of cloud-state changes to aerosol perturbations make it challenging to attribute causality in observed relationships of aerosol radiative forcing. Using correlations to infer causality can be challenging when meteorological variability also drives both aerosol and cloud changes independently. Natural and anthropogenic aerosol perturbations from well-defined sources provide “opportunistic experiments” (also known as natural experiments) to investigate ACI in cases where causality may be more confidently inferred. These perturbations cover a wide range of locations and spatiotemporal scales, including point sources such as volcanic eruptions or industrial sources, plumes from biomass burning or forest fires, and tracks from individual ships or shipping corridors. We review the different experimental conditions and conduct a synthesis of the available satellite datasets and field campaigns to place these opportunistic experiments on a common footing, facilitating new insights and a clearer understanding of key uncertainties in aerosol radiative forcing. Cloud albedo perturbations are strongly sensitive to background meteorological conditions. Strong liquid water path increases due to aerosol perturbations are largely ruled out by averaging across experiments. Opportunistic experiments have significantly improved process-level understanding of ACI, but it remains unclear how reliably the relationships found can be scaled to the global level, thus demonstrating a need for deeper investigation in order to improve assessments of aerosol radiative forcing and climate change.
AU  - Christensen,MW
AU  - Gettelman,A
AU  - Cermak,J
AU  - Dagan,G
AU  - Diamond,M
AU  - Douglas,A
AU  - Feingold,G
AU  - Glassmeier,F
AU  - Goren,T
AU  - Grosvenor,DP
AU  - Gryspeerdt,E
AU  - Kahn,R
AU  - Li,Z
AU  - Ma,P-L
AU  - Malavelle,F
AU  - McCoy,IL
AU  - McCoy,DT
AU  - McFarquhar,G
AU  - Mulmenstadt,J
AU  - Pal,S
AU  - Possner,A
AU  - Povey,A
AU  - Quaas,J
AU  - Rosenfeld,D
AU  - Schmidt,A
AU  - Schroedner,R
AU  - Sorooshian,A
AU  - Stier,P
AU  - Toll,V
AU  - Watson-Parris,D
AU  - Wood,R
AU  - Yang,M
AU  - Yuan,T
DO  - 10.5194/acp-22-641-2022
EP  - 674
PY  - 2022///
SN  - 1680-7316
SP  - 641
TI  - Opportunistic experiments to constrain aerosol effective radiative forcing
T2  - Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-641-2022
UR  - http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000746465900001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=1ba7043ffcc86c417c072aa74d649202
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/95618
VL  - 22
ER  - 

Download