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  • Journal article
    Zhang J, Woch J, Solanki SK, von Steiger R, Forsyth Ret al., 2003,

    Interplanetary and solar surface properties of coronal holes observed during solar maximum

    , JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS, Vol: 108, ISSN: 2169-9380
  • Journal article
    Slavin JA, Lepping RP, Gjerloev J, Goldstein ML, Fairfield DH, Acuna MH, Balogh A, Dunlop M, Kivelson MG, Khurana K, Fazakerley A, Owen CJ, Reme H, Bosqued JMet al., 2003,

    Cluster electric current density measurements within a magnetic flux rope in the plasma sheet

    , GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, Vol: 30, ISSN: 0094-8276
  • Journal article
    Tjemkes SA, Patterson T, Rizzi R, Shephard MW, Clough SA, Matricardi M, Haigh JD, Höpfner M, Payan S, Trotsenko A, Scott N, Rayer P, Taylor JP, Clerbaux C, Strow LL, DeSouza-Machado S, Tobin D, Knuteson Ret al., 2003,

    The ISSWG line-by-line inter-comparison experiment

    , JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER, Vol: 77, Pages: 433-453, ISSN: 0022-4073
  • Journal article
    Mueller-Wodarg I, Bunce E, 2003,

    Comparative aeronomy in the solar system

    , ASTRONOMY & GEOPHYSICS, Vol: 44, Pages: 33-33, ISSN: 1366-8781
  • Journal article
    Sergeev V, Runov A, Baumjohann W, Nakamura R, Zhang TL, Volwerk M, Balogh A, Rème H, Sauvaud JA, André M, Klecker Bet al., 2003,

    Current sheet flapping motion and structure observed by Cluster -: art. no. 1327

    , GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, Vol: 30, ISSN: 0094-8276
  • Journal article
    Volwerk M, Glassmeier KH, Runov A, Baumjohann W, Nakamura R, Zhang TL, Klecker B, Balogh A, Rème Het al., 2003,

    Kink mode oscillation of the current sheet -: art. no. 1320

    , GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, Vol: 30, ISSN: 0094-8276
  • Journal article
    Salem C, Hubert D, Lacombe C, Bale SD, Mangeney A, Larson DE, Lin RPet al., 2003,

    Electron properties and Coulomb collisions in the solar wind at 1 Au:: <i>Wind</i> observations

    , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, Vol: 585, Pages: 1147-1157, ISSN: 0004-637X
  • Journal article
    Nilsson H, Pickering JC, 2003,

    Extended term analysis of MoII

    , PHYSICA SCRIPTA, Vol: 67, Pages: 223-233, ISSN: 0031-8949
  • Journal article
    Rufus J, Stark G, Smith PL, Pickering JC, Thorne APet al., 2003,

    High-resolution photoabsorption cross section measurements of SO<sub>2</sub>, 2:: 220 to 325 nm at 295 K -: art. no. 5011

    , JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS, Vol: 108, ISSN: 2169-9097
  • Journal article
    Behlke R, André M, Buchert SC, Vaivads A, Eriksson AI, Lucek EA, Balogh Aet al., 2003,

    Multi-point electric field measurements of short large-amplitude magnetic structures (SLAMS) at the Earth's quasi-parallel bow shock -: art. no. 1177

    , GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, Vol: 30, ISSN: 0094-8276
  • Journal article
    Rufus J, Stark G, Smith PL, Pickering JC, Thorne APet al., 2003,

    High-resolution photoabsorption cross section measurements of SO<inf>2</inf>, 2: 220 to 325 nm at 295 K

    , Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, Vol: 108, ISSN: 0148-0227

    High-resolution, ultraviolet SO2 photoabsorption cross section data are required for modeling density and temperature profiles of SO2 in solar system atmospheres. We report measurements of such cross sections on SO2 at 295 K for the B1B1 - X1A1 and C1B2 - X1A1 bands over the wavelength range 220 to 325 nm. Resolving powers of up to 550,000 were employed in order to study the congested spectrum of sharp SO2 features in parts of this region. Our data are compared to earlier values obtained with lower resolving power.
  • Journal article
    Espinosa SA, Southwood DJ, Dougherty MK, 2003,

    How can Saturn impose its rotation period in a noncorotating magnetosphere?

    , JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS, Vol: 108, ISSN: 2169-9380
  • Journal article
    Espinosa SA, Southwood DJ, Dougherty MK, 2003,

    Reanalysis of Saturn's magnetospheric field data view of spin-periodic perturbations

    , JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS, Vol: 108, ISSN: 2169-9380
  • Journal article
    Zhong WY, Haigh JD, 2003,

    Shortwave radiative forcing by stratospheric water vapor

    , GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, Vol: 30, ISSN: 0094-8276
  • Journal article
    Gervet C, Wallace M, 2003,

    Preface

    , ANNALS OF OPERATIONS RESEARCH, Vol: 118, Pages: 13-15, ISSN: 0254-5330
  • Journal article
    Taylor MGGT, Cargill PJ, 2003,

    A general theory of self-similar expansion waves in MHD flows (vol 66, pg 239, 2001)

    , JOURNAL OF PLASMA PHYSICS, Vol: 69, Pages: 89-89, ISSN: 0022-3778
  • Journal article
    Lundin R, Sauvaud JA, Rème H, Balogh A, Dandouras I, Bosqued JM, Carlson C, Parks GK, Möbius E, Kistler LM, Klecker B, Amata E, Formisano V, Dunlop M, Eliasson L, Korth A, Lavraud B, McCarthy Met al., 2003,

    Evidence for impulsive solar wind plasma penetration through the dayside magnetopause

    , ANNALES GEOPHYSICAE, Vol: 21, Pages: 457-472, ISSN: 0992-7689
  • Journal article
    Runov A, Nakamura R, Baumjohann W, Zhang TL, Volwerk M, Eichelberger HU, Balogh Aet al., 2003,

    Cluster observation of a bifurcated current sheet

    , GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, Vol: 30, ISSN: 0094-8276
  • Journal article
    Schmidt JM, Cargill PJ, 2003,

    Magnetic reconnection between a magnetic cloud and the solar wind magnetic field

    , JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS, Vol: 108, ISSN: 2169-9380
  • Conference paper
    Haigh JD, 2003,

    The effects of solar variability on the Earth's climate

    , Meeting on Science and Applications of the Space Environment: New Results and Interdisciplinary Connections, Pages: 95-111

    The absolute value of total solar irradiance is not known to better than ca. 0.3% but measurements from satellite instruments over the past two solar cycles have shown that it varies by ca. 0.1% on this time-scale. Over longer periods its value has been reconstructed using proxy measures of solar activity, and these suggest that during the Maunder minimum in solar activity of the late 17th century it was 3-4 W m(-2) lower than at present. Observational data suggest that the Sun has influenced temperatures on decadal, centennial and millennial time-scales, but radiative forcing considerations and the results of energy-balance models and general circulation models suggest that the warming during the latter part of the 20th century cannot be ascribed entirely to solar effects. However, chemical and dynamical processes in the middle atmosphere may act to amplify the solar impact. An analysis of zonal mean temperature data shows that solar effects may be differentiated from those associated with other factors such as volcanic eruptions and the El Nino Southern Oscillation.
  • Journal article
    Pagel C, Balogh A, 2003,

    Radial dependence of intermittency in the fast polar solar wind magnetic field using Ulysses

    , JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS, Vol: 108, ISSN: 2169-9380
  • Journal article
    Bale SD, Mozer FS, Horbury TS, 2003,

    Density-transition scale at quasiperpendicular collisionless shocks

    , Physical Review Letters, Vol: 91, ISSN: 0031-9007

    Measurements of a spacecraft floating potential, on the four Cluster spacecraft, are used as a proxy for electron plasma density to study, for the first time, the macroscopic density transition scale at 98 crossings of the quasiperpendicular terrestrial bow shock. A timing analysis gives shock speeds and normals; the shock speed is used to convert the temporal measurement to a spatial one. A hyperbolic tangent function is fitted to each density transition, which captures the main shock transition, but not overshoot or undershoot nor foot features. We find that, at a low Mach number [Formula presented], the density transition is consistent with both ion inertial scales [Formula presented] and convected gyroradii [Formula presented], while at [Formula presented] only the convected gyroradius is the preferred scale for the shock density transition and takes the value [Formula presented]. © 2003 The American Physical Society.
  • Journal article
    Vörös Z, Baumjohann W, Nakamura R, Runov A, Zhang TL, Volwerk M, Eichelberger HU, Balogh A, Horbury TS, Glaßmeier KH, Klecker B, Rème Het al., 2003,

    Multi-scale magnetic field intermittence in the plasma sheet

    , Annales Geophysicae, Vol: 21, Pages: 1955-1964, ISSN: 0992-7689

    This paper demonstrates that intermittent magnetic field fluctuations in the plasma sheet exhibit transitory, localized, and multi-scale features. We propose a multifractal-based algorithm, which quantifies intermittence on the basis of the statistical distribution of the "strength of burstiness", estimated within a sliding window. Interesting multi-scale phenomena observed by the Cluster spacecraft include large-scale motion of the current sheet and bursty bulk flow associated turbulence, interpreted as a cross-scale coupling (CSC) process.
  • Conference paper
    Wall R, Smith M, Sides R, Lockwood M, Morris N, Waltham N, Carr C, Castelli C, Eyles C, Linder D, Chaloner C, Baldwin Let al., 2003,

    Earthshine: A deep-space small satellite to examine the Sun-Earth connection

    , Pages: 543-553

    The Earth-Sun-Heliosphere Interactions Experiment (EARTHSHINE) mission will be the first deep-space mission designed, developed and executed solely by the UK. Providing a novel concept for a low-cost, fast, responsive project, EARTHSHINE builds on the UK's past involvement in small satellite development. Each of EARTHSHINE's four instruments is carefully designed to answer key questions about how Earth's climate and space environment are influenced by the Sun. EARTHSHINE will have a unique and continuous view of the dayside of the Earth yielding accurate measurements of the Earth's albedo and will simultaneously monitor the electromagnetic, particle and field outputs of the Sun. A coherent design philosophy is presented here based on the requirements that the spacecraft be simple, robust, have minimal operations workload and be based almost entirely on existing commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) equipment. This is achieved by using autonomous systems and on-board processing, thereby reducing operations to an absolute minimum. Many of the spacecraft systems processing duties have been integrated into the EADS Astrium UNIONICS package. The mission will also be the first to use Astrium's new UNIWIND carbon fibre structure which greatly simplifies the construction. The result is a highly independent, low mass (< 130kg) deep-space satellite that is scheduled to be launched in 2007. Copyright © 2003 by the International Astronautical Federation. All rights reserved.
  • Journal article
    Zhang J, Woch J, Solanki SK, Von Steiger R, Forsyth Ret al., 2003,

    Interplanetary and solar surface properties of coronal holes observed during solar maximum

    , Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, Vol: 108

    Data from the Solar Wind Ion Composition Spectrometer (SWICS) on board the Ulysses spacecraft and synoptic maps from Kitt Peak are used to analyze the relatively short-lived coronal holes which exist during the maximum phase of the solar activity cycle 23. They are compared with the persistent polar coronal holes which prevail around solar minimum. A solar wind velocity increase coinciding with a shift of the ionic charge composition toward lower charge states serves as a robust criterion for identifying solar wind streams emanating from solar maximum holes. This allows an unambiguous association of every stream identified in interplanetary space with a coronal hole on the solar surface with consistent magnetic polarity. Solar wind streams emanating from the solar maximum holes generally show lower velocities of 400 to 600 km/s compared to the polar hole stream velocities of 700 to 800 km/s. However, the SWICS 07+/O6+ charge-state ratios, which are a proxy for coronal temperatures, do not reveal a consistent difference. Though a number of solar maximum holes have a significantly, up to three times, higher temperature compared to the polar coronal holes, the majority of the investigated holes and specifically those with new cycle polarity have a coronal temperature within the range of polar hole temperatures. Likewise, the magnetic flux density in the solar maximum holes and in the polar coronal holes, as derived from the synoptic maps, is not strikingly different. Therefore any intrinsic difference between solar maximum holes and polar coronal holes is small. The striking discrepancy in their kinetic properties, namely the slower velocity of the solar wind streams emanating from solar maximum holes, may partly be attributed to deceleration of the solar wind during propagation to the spacecraft. The discrepancy may also be influenced by active regions in close proximity to the coronal holes, which presumably is more likely for smaller holes. There may, however, be a
  • Book chapter
    Czaja A, Robertson AW, Huck T, 2003,

    The role of atlantic ocean-atmosphere coupling in affecting North Atlantic oscillation variability

    , Geophysical Monograph Series, Pages: 147-172

    We review the role of ocean-atmosphere interactions over the Atlantic sector in North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) variability. The emphasis is on physical mechanisms, which are illustrated in simple models and analyzed in observations and numerical models. Some directions of research are proposed to better assess the relevance of Atlantic air-sea interactions to observed and simulated NAO variability.
  • Conference paper
    Cook PA, Trasi NS, de Oliveira CRE, Haigh JDet al., 2003,

    Modelling of cloud-radiation interactions with the general purpose 3D finite element-spherical harmonics code EVENT

    , Supercomputing in nuclear applications, SNA 2003, Paris, France, September 2003
  • Conference paper
    Dalla S, Balogh A, Krucker S, Posner A, Muller-Mellin R, Anglin JD, Hofer MY, Marsden RG, Sanderson TR, Heber B, Zhang M, McKibben RBet al., 2003,

    Characterization of SEP events at high heliographic latitudes

    , Melville, 10th international solar wind conference, Pisa, Italy, 17 -21 June 2002, Publisher: American Institute of Physics, Pages: 656-659
  • Journal article
    Haigh JD, 2003,

    Climate change 2001 (Reply)

    , Weather, Vol: 58, Pages: 312-313, ISSN: 0043-1656
  • Journal article
    Szego K, Young DT, Barraclough BL, Berthelier JJ, Coates AJ, McComas DJ, Crary FJ, Dougherty MK, Erdos G, Gurnett DA, Kurth WS, Thomsen MFet al., 2003,

    Cassini Plasma Spectrometer measurements of Jovian bow shock structure

    , Journal of Geophysical Research.Space Physics, Vol: 109, Pages: 1287-1, ISSN: 0148-0227

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