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  • Journal article
    Ma Y, Nagy AF, Cravens TE, Sokolov IV, Hansen KC, Wahlund J-E, Crary FJ, Coates AJ, Dougherty MKet al., 2006,

    Comparisons between MHD model calculations and observations of Cassini flybys of Titan

    , JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS, Vol: 111, ISSN: 2169-9380
  • Journal article
    Sonnerup BUO, Haaland S, Paschmann G, Dunlop MW, Reme H, Balogh Aet al., 2006,

    Orientation and motion of a plasma discontinuity from single-spacecraft measurements:: Generic residue analysis of Cluster data

    , JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS, Vol: 111, ISSN: 2169-9380
  • Journal article
    Giampieri G, Dougherty MK, Smith EJ, Russell CTet al., 2006,

    A regular period for Saturn's magnetic field that may track its internal rotation

    , NATURE, Vol: 441, Pages: 62-64, ISSN: 0028-0836
  • Journal article
    Duan S-P, Liu Z-X, Cao J-B, Shi J-K, Lu L, Li Z-Y, Zong QG, Reme H, Cornilleau-Wehrlin N, Balogh A, Andre Met al., 2006,

    Analysis of the interaction between low-frequency waves and ions in the high-altitude cusp region observed by satellite cluster

    , CHINESE PHYSICS LETTERS, Vol: 23, Pages: 1351-1354, ISSN: 0256-307X
  • Journal article
    Czaja A, Marshall J, 2006,

    Partitioning of poleward heat transport between the atmosphere and ocean

    , JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, Vol: 63, Pages: 1498-1511, ISSN: 0022-4928
  • Journal article
    Lavraud B, Thomsen MF, Lefebvre B, Schwartz SJ, Seki K, Phan TD, Wang YL, Fazakerley A, Rème H, Balogh Aet al., 2006,

    Evidence for newly closed magnetosheath field lines at the dayside magnetopause under northward IMF

    , Journal of Geophysical Research (Space Physics), Vol: 111, Pages: A05211-A05211
  • Journal article
    Shi QQ, Shen C, Dunlop MW, Pu ZY, Zong QG, Liu ZX, Lucek E, Balogh Aet al., 2006,

    Motion of observed structures calculated from multi-point magnetic field measurements: Application to Cluster

    , GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, Vol: 33, ISSN: 0094-8276
  • Journal article
    Cravens TE, Robertson IP, Waite JH, Yelle RV, Kasprzak WT, Keller CN, Ledvina SA, Niemann HB, Luhmann JG, McNutt RL, Ip WH, De La Haye V, Mueller-Wodarg I, Wahlund JE, Anicich VG, Vuitton Vet al., 2006,

    Composition of titan's ionosphere

    , GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, Vol: 33, ISSN: 0094-8276
  • Journal article
    Cowley SWH, Wright DM, Bunce EJ, Carter AC, Dougherty MK, Giampieri G, Nichols JD, Robinson TRet al., 2006,

    Cassini observations of planetary-period magnetic field oscillations in Saturn's magnetosphere: Doppler shifts and phase motion

    , GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, Vol: 33, ISSN: 0094-8276
  • Journal article
    Cao JB, Ma YD, Parks G, Reme H, Dandouras I, Nakamura R, Zhang TL, Zong Q, Lucek E, Carr CM, Liu ZX, Zhou GCet al., 2006,

    Joint observations by Cluster satellites of bursty bulk flows in the magnetotail

    , JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS, Vol: 111, ISSN: 2169-9380
  • Journal article
    Haigh JD, Blackburn M, 2006,

    Solar influences on dynamical coupling between the stratosphere and troposphere

    , SPACE SCI REV, Vol: 125, Pages: 331-344

    We use a simplified atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) to investigate the response of the lower atmosphere to thermal perturbations in the lower stratosphere. The results show that generic heating of the lower stratosphere tends to weaken the sub-tropical jets and the tropospheric mean meridional circulations. The positions of the jets, and the extent of the Hadley cells, respond to the distribution of the stratospheric heating, with low latitude heating displacing them poleward, and uniform heating displacing them equatorward. The patterns of response to the low latitude heating are similar to those found to be associated with solar variability in previous observational data analysis, and to the effects of varying solar UV radiation in sophisticated AGCMs. In order to investigate the chain of causality involved in converting the stratospheric thermal forcing to a tropospheric climate signal we conduct an experiment which uses an ensemble of model spin-ups to analyse the time development of the response to an applied stratospheric perturbation. We find that the initial effect of the change in static stability at the tropopause is to reduce the eddy momentum flux convergence in this region. This is followed by a vertical transfer of the momentum forcing anomaly by an anomalous mean circulation to the surface, where it is partly balanced by surface stress anomalies. The unbalanced part drives the evolution of the vertically integrated zonal flow. We conclude that solar heating of the stratosphere may produce changes in the circulation of the troposphere even without any direct forcing below the tropopause. We suggest that the impact of the stratospheric changes on wave propagation is key to the mechanisms involved.
  • Journal article
    Turkmani R, Cargill PJ, Galsgaard K, Vlahos L, Isliker Het al., 2006,

    Particle acceleration in stochastic current sheets in stressed coronal active regions

    , ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS, Vol: 449, Pages: 749-757, ISSN: 1432-0746
  • Journal article
    Haigh JD, Blackburn M, 2006,

    Solar influences on dynamical coupling between the stratosphere and troposphere

    , SPACE SCI REV, Vol: 125, Pages: 331-344

    We use a simplified atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) to investigate the response of the lower atmosphere to thermal perturbations in the lower stratosphere. The results show that generic heating of the lower stratosphere tends to weaken the sub-tropical jets and the tropospheric mean meridional circulations. The positions of the jets, and the extent of the Hadley cells, respond to the distribution of the stratospheric heating, with low latitude heating displacing them poleward, and uniform heating displacing them equatorward. The patterns of response to the low latitude heating are similar to those found to be associated with solar variability in previous observational data analysis, and to the effects of varying solar UV radiation in sophisticated AGCMs. In order to investigate the chain of causality involved in converting the stratospheric thermal forcing to a tropospheric climate signal we conduct an experiment which uses an ensemble of model spin-ups to analyse the time development of the response to an applied stratospheric perturbation. We find that the initial effect of the change in static stability at the tropopause is to reduce the eddy momentum flux convergence in this region. This is followed by a vertical transfer of the momentum forcing anomaly by an anomalous mean circulation to the surface, where it is partly balanced by surface stress anomalies. The unbalanced part drives the evolution of the vertically integrated zonal flow. We conclude that solar heating of the stratosphere may produce changes in the circulation of the troposphere even without any direct forcing below the tropopause. We suggest that the impact of the stratospheric changes on wave propagation is key to the mechanisms involved.
  • Journal article
    Williams JD, Chen LJ, Kurth WS, Gurnett DA, Dougherty MKet al., 2006,

    Electrostatic solitary structures observed at Saturn

    , GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, Vol: 33, ISSN: 0094-8276
  • Journal article
    Thompson SM, Kivelson MG, El-Alaoui M, Balogh A, Réme H, Kistler LMet al., 2006,

    Bifurcated current sheets:: Statistics from Cluster magnetometer measurements

    , JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS, Vol: 111, ISSN: 2169-9380
  • Journal article
    Jones GH, Roussos E, Krupp N, Paranicas C, Woch J, Lagg A, Mitchell DG, Krimigis SM, Dougherty MKet al., 2006,

    Enceladus' varying imprint on the magnetosphere of Saturn

    , SCIENCE, Vol: 311, Pages: 1412-1415, ISSN: 0036-8075
  • Journal article
    Dougherty MK, Khurana KK, Neubauer FM, Russell CT, Saur J, Leisner JS, Burton MEet al., 2006,

    Identification of a dynamic atmosphere at Enceladus with the Cassini magnetometer

    , SCIENCE, Vol: 311, Pages: 1406-1409, ISSN: 0036-8075
  • Journal article
    Achilleos N, Bertucci C, Russell CT, Hospodarsky GB, Rymer AM, Arridge CS, Burton ME, Dougherty MK, Hendricks S, Smith EJ, Tsurutani BTet al., 2006,

    Orientation, location, and velocity of Saturn's bow shock: Initial results from the Cassini spacecraft

    , JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS, Vol: 111, ISSN: 2169-9380
  • Journal article
    Gazis PR, Balogh A, Dalla S, Decker R, Heber B, Horbury T, Kilchenmann A, Kota J, Kucharek H, Kunow H, Lario D, Potgieter MS, Richardson JD, Riley P, Rodriguez L, Siscoe G, Von Steiger Ret al., 2006,

    ICMEs at high latitudes and in the outer heliosphere

    , SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS, Vol: 123, Pages: 417-451, ISSN: 0038-6308
  • Journal article
    Forsyth RJ, Bothmer V, Cid C, Crooker NU, Horbury TS, Kecskemety K, Klecker B, Linker JA, Odstrcil D, Reiner MJ, Richardson IG, Rodriguez-Pacheco J, Schmidt JM, Wimmer-Schweingruber RFet al., 2006,

    ICMEs in the inner heliosphere: Origin, evolution and propagation effects

    , SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS, Vol: 123, Pages: 383-416, ISSN: 0038-6308
  • Journal article
    Crooker NU, Horbury TS, 2006,

    Solar imprint on ICMEs, their magnetic connectivity, and heliospheric evolution

    , SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS, Vol: 123, Pages: 93-109, ISSN: 0038-6308
  • Journal article
    Wimmer-Schweingruber RF, Crooker NU, Balogh A, Bothmer V, Forsyth RJ, Gazis P, Gosling JT, Horbury T, Kilchenmann A, Richardson IG, Richardson JD, Riley P, Rodriguez L, Von Steiger R, Wurz P, Zurbuchen THet al., 2006,

    Understanding interplanetary coronal mass ejection signatures

    , SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS, Vol: 123, Pages: 177-216, ISSN: 0038-6308
  • Journal article
    Ren ZP, Lu L, Lei JG, Li ZY, Liu ZX, Balogh A, Rème Het al., 2006,

    Movement of the magnetic structure in the plasma sheet observed by Cluster II

    , CHINESE JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICS-CHINESE EDITION, Vol: 49, Pages: 315-320, ISSN: 0001-5733
  • Journal article
    Sahraoui F, Belmont G, Rezeau L, Cornilleau-Wehrlin N, Pinçon JL, Balogh Aet al., 2006,

    Anisotropic turbulent spectra in the terrestrial magnetosheath as seen by the cluster spacecraft

    , PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS, Vol: 96, ISSN: 0031-9007
  • Journal article
    Saur J, Mauk BH, Mitchell DG, Krupp N, Khurana KK, Livi S, Krimigis M, Newell PT, Williams DJ, Brandt PC, Lagg A, Roussos E, Dougherty MKet al., 2006,

    Anti-planetward auroral electron beams at Saturn

    , NATURE, Vol: 439, Pages: 699-702, ISSN: 0028-0836
  • Journal article
    Yoshino K, Thorne AP, Murray JE, Cheung ASC, Wong AL, Imajo Tet al., 2006,

    The application of a vacuum-ultraviolet Fourier transform spectrometer and synchrotron-radiation source to measurements of bands of NO. VII. The final report

    , JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS, Vol: 124, ISSN: 0021-9606
  • Journal article
    Phan TD, Gosling JT, Davis MS, Skoug RM, Oieroset M, Lin RP, Lepping RP, McComas DJ, Smith CW, Reme H, Balogh Aet al., 2006,

    A magnetic reconnection X-line extending more than 390 Earth radii in the solar wind

    , NATURE, Vol: 439, Pages: 175-178, ISSN: 0028-0836
  • Conference paper
    Rodriguez L, Zhukov AN, Woch J, Krupp N, Von Steiger R, Forsyth Ret al., 2006,

    In-situ and remote observations of CMEs

    , Pages: 351-356, ISSN: 1743-9213

    We present studies on a series of ICMEs detected by Ulysses and for which the solar sources on the Sun could be identified. EUV and white light data are used in order to correlate characteristics seen during eruption with those measured in-situ. Particularly, an attempt was made to find solar features that show a relationship with the type of ICME seen later (i.e. cloud or non-cloud ICME). For magnetic clouds (MC) the chirality of the magnetic field was then analyzed. Finally, the charge states of oxygen ions contained in ICMEs were used to obtain freezing-in temperatures and then compare these with the presence of flares occurring close (spatially and temporally) to the CME eruption. We have found no solar feature that could be used to predict the presence of a MC in interplanetary space, they occur with the same frequency for cloud and non-cloud ICMEs. The chirality of the clouds seems to follow only weakly the hemisphere rule. The presence of solar flares do not seem to be correlated with the oxygen freezing-in temperatures seen in-situ. © 2006 International Astronomical Union.
  • Conference paper
    Liu Y, Liu R, Fraser BJ, Ables ST, Xu Z, Zhang B, Shi J, Liu Z, Huang D, Hu Z, Chen Z, Xiao W, Dunlop M, Balogh Aet al., 2006,

    Observation of PC 3/5 magnetic pulsations around the cusp at mid altitude

    , Pages: 351-356, ISSN: 0379-6566

    Since launched in year 2000 the Cluster mission has passed the region around the cusp at mid-altitude (∼6Re) for many times, where ULF wave activities are rich in. From 0800 to 1300UT on October 30 2002 the Cluster spacecrafts ran along an orbit of southern cuspplasmasphere-northern cusp that provides an excellent observation of ULF waves in dayside magnetosphere. Flux gate magnetometer (FGM) data in the GSE system from the spacecrafts were transformed in a field aligned coordinated system, and the results showed that in the equatorial side of the cusp existed plenty of narrow band ULF waves in Pc3-5 range. The frequency band of the ULF waves is confined in narrow Pc5 band near the cusp and evolved into Pc3 band when the spacecrafts went to about L-5 where the plasmasphere is situated. This is consistent with the geomagnetic field line resonance (FLR) theory. However, in the cusp region only broadband waves were observed, which seem to be a magnetosheath-like turbulence due to that the cusp is located in the open field line area where the condition to excite FLR does not be satisfied but plasma disturbance from upstream solar wind is allowed to come into. By this way, a clear wave boundary of the cusp is identified, that is, the transferring position from the broadband waves to the narrow band waves is the right boundary of open field lines to the closed ones.
  • Journal article
    Kucharek H, Moebius E, Scholer M, Behlke R, Mouikis C, Puhl-Quinn P, Kistler LM, Horbury T, Eastwood J, Bale SD, Mazelle Cet al., 2006,

    On the ion reflection properties of the quasi-perpendicular earth's bow shock

    , European Space Agency, (Special Publication) ESA SP, Pages: 299-304, ISSN: 0379-6566

    Recent multiple spacecraft observations by Cluster revealed that field-aligned ion beams appear to emerge from the gyrating ions in the ramp of a quasiperpendicular shock created by the same reflection process. A closer look at recent findings show that effective scattering in pitch angle within the shock ramp during the reflection may also be needed to produce these beams at higher shock normal angles. Obviously, ion reflection, transmission and wave particle scattering depend on shock parameters, such as Mach number, plasma beta and shock angle. However, how important are these parameters relative to each other for these processes? Furthermore, the internal dynamics, structure of the shock and the cross-shock potential may also be important. A better understanding would provide very useful information about the ion reflection and transmission process at perpendicular shocks in general for other disciplines such as astrophysics. A survey of shock crossings for a wide range of plasma conditions such as shock normal angle, Mach number, and plasma beta has been compiled and investigated in detail in order to determine the major controlling parameters. In this database we included information about the cross shock potential and magnetic field profile at the shock, as well as the global dynamics of the shock. We will report on dependence of variability of different ion distributions such as the gyration and escaping ions on these various parameters.

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