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Journal articleWebb JK, Lee CC, Milaković D, et al., 2025,
The mystery of alpha and the isotopes
, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters, Vol: 539, Pages: L1-L6We report unbiased Artificial Intelligence (AI) measurements of the fine structure constant α in two proximate absorption regions in the spectrum of the quasar HE0515−4414. The data are high resolution, high signal to noise, and laser frequency comb calibrated, obtained using the Echelle SPectrograph for Rocky Exoplanets and Stable Spectroscopic Observations (ESPRESSO) spectrograph on the VLT. The high quality of the data and proximity of the regions motivate a differential comparison, exploring the possibility of spatial variations of fundamental constants, as predicted in some theories. We show that if the magnesium isotopic relative abundances are terrestrial, the fine structure constants in these two systems differ at the 7σ level. A 3σ discrepancy between the two measurements persists even for the extreme non-terrestrial case of 100 per cent 24Mg, if shared by both systems. However, if Mg isotopic abundances take independent values in these two proximate systems, one terrestrial, the other with no heavy isotopes, both can be reconciled with a terrestrial α , and the discrepancy between the two measurements falls to 2σ. We cannot rule out other systematics that are unaccounted for in our study that could masquerade as a varying alpha signal. We discuss varying constant and varying isotope interpretations and resolutions to this conundrum for future high precision measurements.
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Journal articleMagueijo J, Manchanda GS, 2025,
Quantum wormholes at spatial infinity
, Physics Letters B, Vol: 864, Pages: 139434-139434, ISSN: 0370-2693 -
Journal articleHull C, Hutt ML, Lindström U, 2025,
Generalised symmetries in linear gravity
, Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol: 2025<jats:title>A<jats:sc>bstract</jats:sc> </jats:title> <jats:p>Linearised gravity has a global symmetry under which the graviton is shifted by a symmetric tensor satisfying a certain flatness condition. There is also a dual symmetry that can be associated with a global shift symmetry of the dual graviton theory. The corresponding conserved charges are shown to satisfy a centrally-extended algebra. We discuss the gauging of these global symmetries, finding an obstruction to the simultaneous gauging of both symmetries which we interpret as a mixed ’t Hooft anomaly for the ungauged theory. We discuss the implications of this, analogous to those resulting from a similar structure in Maxwell theory, and interpret the graviton and dual graviton as Nambu-Goldstone modes for these shift symmetries.</jats:p>
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Journal articleBeccaria M, Tseytlin AA, 2025,
Non-planar corrections to ABJM Bremsstrahlung function from quantum M2 brane
, Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical, ISSN: 1751-8113<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>As was shown in arXiv:2303.15207, the leading large N, fixed k correction in the localization&#xD;result for the expectation value of the 12 BPS circular Wilson loop in U(N)<jats:sub>k</jats:sub>xU(N)<jats:sub>-k</jats:sub> ABJM&#xD;theory given by the [sin(2π/k)]<jats:sup>-1</jats:sup> factor can be reproduced on the dual M-theory side as the one-loop correction in the partition function of M2 brane in AdS<jats:sub>4</jats:sub>xS<jats:sup>7</jats:sup>/Z<jats:sub>k</jats:sub> with AdS<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>xS<jats:sup>1</jats:sup> world&#xD;volume. Here we prove, following the suggestion in arXiv:2408.10070, that the analogous fact&#xD;is true also for the corresponding correction B<jats:sub>1</jats:sub>=-1/(2pi k) cot(2π/k) in the localization result for the &#xD;Bremsstrahlung function associated with the Wilson loop with a small cusp in either AdS<jats:sub>4</jats:sub> or CP<jats:sup>3</jats:sup>. The corresponding M2 brane is wrapped on the 11d circle and generalizes the type IIA string solution in AdS<jats:sub>4</jats:sub>xCP<jats:sup>3</jats:sup> ending on the cusped line. We show that the one-loop term in the M2 brane partition function reproduces the localization expression for B<jats:sub>1</jats:sub> as the coefficient of the leading term in its small cusp expansion.</jats:p>
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Journal articleHo M, Price H, Evans T, et al., 2025,
Enhancing foresight models with network science: measuring innovation feedbacks within the Chain-Linked Model
, Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Vol: 213, ISSN: 0040-1625A granular understanding of innovation dynamics is crucial for forecasting how and when different actors within the innovation system can make valuable contributions. Existing theoretical foundations of the foresight practice are largely qualitative and often oversimplify the innovation process. While foresight practitioners acknowledge the existence of knowledge feedback loops, these feedback loops are rarely quantified systematically in empirical forecasting studies. Innovators and funders tend to choose their dyadic relationships but rarely have visibility over the wider, dynamic innovation network. This study enriches innovation theories for the foresight practice by leveraging multilayer citation networks to explore innovation translation pathways, achieved by integrating data from market entries, clinical trials, patents, publications, funders, and grants over a 70-year period. Our analysis shows shifts in the order, prevalence, and tipping points of translation activities as technologies mature, with granularity not described in previous studies. We also examine the distinct funding patterns of major public and private entities throughout this maturation process, revealing their unique contributions and enriching sociotechnical explanations of innovation processes. This study improves the explainability of technology forecasting through innovation theories by reconstructing micro-technical innovation dynamics from first principles.
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Journal articleLin J, Skrzypek T, Stelle KS, 2025,
Compactification on Calabi-Yau threefolds: consistent truncation to pure supergravity
, Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol: 2025<jats:title>A<jats:sc>bstract</jats:sc> </jats:title> <jats:p>We study compactifications of eleven- and ten-dimensional maximal supergravity on Calabi-Yau threefolds. We explicitly construct truncations to pure supergravity with eight supercharges in five and four dimensions and show that they are consistent, i.e. that every solution of the lower-dimensional equations of motion fully solves the higher-dimensional ones. We furthermore match the supersymmetry transformations and demonstrate the consistency to full non-linear order in fermions. Our construction is independent of the choice of Calabi-Yau threefold and only involves the universal structures such as the Kähler form and the holomorphic three-form, in agreement with implicit constructions in the generalised geometry literature. As an immediate application, we embed four-dimensional extremal black holes in the higher-dimensional supergravities. We furthermore propose Ansätze for consistent truncations on all universal structures, leading to supergravities with additional matter multiples. An extensive list of equations of motion and supersymmetry transformations for various supergravity theories is provided in the appendix.</jats:p>
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Journal articleHull C, 2025,
Coupling self-dual p-form Gauge fields to self-dual branes
, Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical, Vol: 58, ISSN: 1751-8113In d = 4 k + 2 dimensions, p-form gauge fields (with p = 2 k ) with self-dual field strengths couple naturally to dyonic branes with equal electric and magnetic charges. Sen’s action for a p-form gauge field with self-dual field strength coupled to a spacetime metric g involves an explicit Minkowski metric; however, this action can be generalised to provide a theory in which the Minkowski metric is replaced by a second metric g ¯ on spacetime. This theory describes a physical sector, consisting of the chiral p-form gauge field coupled to the dynamical metric g, plus an auxiliary sector consisting of a second chiral p-form and the second metric g ¯ . The fields in this auxiliary sector only couple to each other and have no interactions with the physical sector. However, in this theory, the standard coupling to a brane given by integrating the gauge potential over the world-volume of the brane is problematic as the physical gauge potential depends non-locally on the fields appearing in the action. A consistent coupling is given by introducing Dirac branes (generalising Dirac strings), and is shown to have generalised symmetries corresponding to invariance under deforming the positions of the Dirac branes, provided the Dirac branes do not intersect any physical brane world-volumes.
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Journal articleAkhond M, Arias-Tamargo G, Carta F, et al., 2025,
On brane systems with O<sup>+</sup> planes — 5d and 6d SCFTs
, Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol: 2025We study Higgs branches of field theories with 8 supercharges in 5 and 6 dimensions, focusing on theories realised on 5-brane webs in Type IIB with an O7+ plane, or a D6-D8-NS5 brane system in Type IIA in the presence of an O8+ plane. We find magnetic quivers for the Higgs branches of these theories. The main consequence of the presence of the orientifold is that it renders the magnetic quiver to be non-simply-laced. We propose a contribution of the O7+ to the usual stable intersection number of 5-branes from tropical geometry, and show that it is consistent with Fayet-Iliopoulos deformations of magnetic quivers which represent mass deformations of 5d SQFTs. From the magnetic quivers, we compute phase diagrams and highest weight generating functions for the Higgs branches, enabling us to identify the global form of the flavour symmetry for several families of 5d SQFTs; among them Bhardwaj’s rank-1 theory. For 6d theories realised on a −4 curve, we observe the appearance of an additional D4 slice on top of the phase diagram as one goes to the tensionless limit.
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Journal articleAcharya B, Alexandre J, Benes P, et al., 2025,
Search for Highly Ionizing Particles in pp Collisions during LHC Run 2 Using the Full MoEDAL Detector.
, Phys Rev Lett, Vol: 134This search for magnetic monopoles (MMs) and high electric charge objects (HECOs) with spins 0, 1/2, and 1, uses for the first time the full MoEDAL detector, exposed to 6.46 fb^{-1} proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV. The results are interpreted in terms of Drell-Yan and photon-fusion pair production. Mass limits on direct production of MMs of up to 10 Dirac magnetic charges and HECOs with electric charge in the range 10e to 400e, were achieved. The charge limits placed on MM and HECO production are currently the strongest in the world. MoEDAL is the only LHC experiment capable of being directly calibrated for highly ionizing particles using heavy ions and with a detector system dedicated to definitively measuring magnetic charge.
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Journal articleBenetti Genolini P, Gauntlett JP, Jiao Y, et al., 2025,
Toric gravitational instantons in gauged supergravity
, Physical Review D, Vol: 111, ISSN: 2470-0010We introduce a general class of toric gravitational instantons in D=4, N=2 gauged supergravity, namely Euclidean supersymmetric solutions with U(1)2 isometry. Such solutions are specified by a "supergravity labeled polytope,"where the labels encode the four-manifold topology, the choice of magnetic fluxes, and certain signs associated with the Killing spinor. Equivariant localization allows us to write down the gravitational free energy for such a solution, assuming it exists, and study its properties. These results open the way for a systematic study of holography in this setting, where the dual large N field theories are defined on the boundary three-manifolds, which are (squashed) lens spaces L(p,q) or generalizations with orbifold singularities.
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Journal articleFranco S, Hanany A, He YH, et al., 2025,
Duality walls, duality trees and fractional branes
, International Journal of Modern Physics A, Vol: 40, ISSN: 0217-751XIn this paper, we compute the NSVZ beta functions for =1 four-dimensional quiver theories arising from D-brane probes on singularities, complete with anomalous dimensions, for a large set of phases in the corresponding duality tree. While these beta functions are zero for D-brane probes, they are nonzero in the presence of fractional branes. As a result there is a nontrivial RG behavior. We apply this running of gauge couplings to some toric singularities such as the cones over Hirzebruch and del Pezzo surfaces. We observe the emergence in string theory, of "Duality Walls,"a finite energy scale at which the number of degrees of freedom becomes infinite and beyond which Seiberg duality does not proceed. We also identify certain quiver symmetries as T-duality-like actions in the dual holographic theory.
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Journal articleDuff MJ, 2025,
Montonen-Olive duality of gauged supergravity?
, Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical, Vol: 58, ISSN: 1751-8113The vanishing of the SO(N) β-function of gauged N > 4 supergravity has long seemed like an answer looking for a question. Here we conjecture that it is a consequence of a Montonen-Olive style electric/magnetic duality.
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Journal articleChen CYR, De Rham C, Tolley AJ, 2025,
Deformations of extremal black holes and the UV
, Physical Review D, Vol: 111, ISSN: 2470-0010It has recently been noted that deformations of extremal anti-de Sitter (AdS) black holes in four and higher dimensions are generically nonsmooth or singular on the horizon. Further, it was found that certain deformations of asymptotically flat extremal black holes are marginal, causing the nature of the horizon to be strongly sensitive to UV corrections - in particular, Wilson coefficients associated with consistent UV completions generically lead to worse behavior on the horizon. In this work, we extend the discussion of deformed horizons in the presence of UV corrections to extremal charged black holes in AdS, where we find a tower of marginal perturbations for different black hole masses. We argue that the apparent UV sensitivity of marginal modes is, in fact, a feature of the UV theory, which is correctly reproduced by the effective field theory (EFT), and illustrate this with explicit UV completions confirming the validity of the EFT. We demonstrate that the same holds for a scalar-Maxwell EFT with known UV completion. In the gravitational case, the sign of EFT corrections to marginal perturbations is generally connected with the signs implied by positivity bounds, with UV completions generically leading to worse behavior on the horizon. We conjecture that this result is more generic and use this to derive more general positivity bounds motivated by the weak gravity conjecture, which we illustrate with further evidence.
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Journal articleChen CYR, Margalit A, De Rham C, et al., 2025,
Causality in the presence of stacked shockwaves
, Physical Review D, Vol: 111, ISSN: 2470-0010Relativistic causality constrains the S-matrix both through its analyticity, and by imposing lower bounds on the scattering time delay. These bounds are easiest to determine for spacetimes which admit either a timelike or null Killing vector. We revisit a class of pp-wave spacetimes and carefully determine the scattering time delay for arbitrary incoming states in the eikonal, semiclassical, and Born approximations. We apply this to the effective field theory of gravity in arbitrary dimensions. It is well-known that higher-dimension operators such as the Gauss-Bonnet term, when treated perturbatively at low energies, can appear to make both positive and negative contributions to the time delays of the background geometry. We show that even when multiple shockwaves are stacked, the corrections to the scattering time delay relative to the background are generically unresolvable within the regime of validity of the effective field theory so long as the Wilson coefficients are of order unity. Phrased the other way, this can be read as a bound on the Wilson coefficient from infrared causality which are consistent with positivity/bootstrap bounds.
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Journal articleTagliazucchi M, Braglia M, Finelli F, et al., 2025,
Quest for CMB spectral distortions to probe the scalar-induced gravitational wave background interpretation of pulsar timing array data
, Physical Review D, Vol: 111, ISSN: 2470-0010Gravitational waves (GW) sourced by second-order primordial curvature fluctuations are among the favored models fitting the recent pulsar timing array (PTA) measurement of a stochastic GW background (SGWB). We study how spectral distortions (SDs) and anisotropies of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) can constrain such scalar fluctuations. Whereas COBE FIRAS data have no sufficient sensitivity to probe the PTA log-normal hypothesis, we show how future PIXIE-like experiments can detect the CMB SDs from the scalar-induced interpretation of the SGWB in PTA data. We finally show how the transformative synergy between PTA data and future CMB SD measurements is important for reconstructing primordial fluctuations at these small scales.
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Journal articleHull C, Lindström U, Velásquez Cotini Hutt ML, 2025,
Gauge-invariant charges of the dual graviton
, Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol: 2025The free graviton theory given by linearising Einstein’s theory has a dual formulation in terms of a dual graviton field. The dual graviton theory has two gauge invariances giving rise to two conserved charges, while the ADM charges of the graviton theory become magnetic charges for the dual graviton theory. These charges can be ill-defined in topologically non-trivial settings and we find improvement terms that can be added to these to give gauge-invariant conserved charges. These gauge-invariant charges, which have local expressions in both the graviton and dual graviton formulation, give topological operators of the theory that should be considered as the generators of the genuine symmetries of the theory.
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Journal articleBeccaria M, Casarin L, Tseytlin AA, 2025,
Semiclassical quantization of M5 brane probes wrapped on AdS<inf>3</inf>× S<sup>3</sup> and defect anomalies
, Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol: 2025We consider two supersymmetric M5 brane probe solutions in AdS7 × S4 and one in AdS4 × S7 that all have the AdS3 × S3 world-volume geometry. The values of the classical action of the first two M5 probes (with S3 in AdS7 or in S4) are related to the leading N2 parts in the anomaly b-coefficient in the (2,0) theory corresponding to a spherical surface defect in symmetric or antisymmetric SU(N) representations. We present a detailed computation of the corresponding one-loop M5 brane partition functions finding that they vanish (in a particular regularization). This implies the vanishing of the order N0 part in the b-anomaly coefficients, in agreement with earlier predictions for their exact values. It remains, however, a puzzle of how to reproduce the non-vanishing order N terms in these coefficients within the semiclassical M5-brane probe setup.
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Journal articleAde PAR, Amiri M, Benton SJ, et al., 2025,
Analysis of Polarized Dust Emission Using Data from the First Flight of SPIDER
, Astrophysical Journal, Vol: 978, ISSN: 0004-637XUsing data from the first flight of Spider and from the Planck High Frequency Instrument, we probe the properties of polarized emission from interstellar dust in the Spider observing region. Component-separation algorithms operating in both the spatial and harmonic domains are applied to probe their consistency and to quantify modeling errors associated with their assumptions. Analyses of diffuse Galactic dust emission spanning the full Spider region demonstrate (i) a spectral energy distribution that is broadly consistent with a modified-blackbody (MBB) model with a spectral index of β d = 1.45 ± 0.05 (1.47 ± 0.06) for E (B)-mode polarization, slightly lower than that reported by Planck for the full sky; (ii) an angular power spectrum broadly consistent with a power law; and (iii) no significant detection of line-of-sight polarization decorrelation. Tests of several modeling uncertainties find only a modest impact (∼10% in σ r ) on Spider’s sensitivity to the cosmological tensor-to-scalar ratio. The size of the Spider region further allows for a statistically meaningful analysis of the variation in foreground properties within it. Assuming a fixed dust temperature T d = 19.6 K, an analysis of two independent subregions of that field results in inferred values of β d = 1.52 ± 0.06 and β d = 1.09 ± 0.09, which are inconsistent at the 3.9σ level. Furthermore, a joint analysis of Spider and Planck 217 and 353 GHz data within one subregion is inconsistent with a simple MBB at more than 3σ, assuming a common morphology of polarized dust emission over the full range of frequencies. This evidence of variation may inform the component-separation approaches of future cosmic microwave background polarization experiments.
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Journal articleHull C, Hutt ML, Lindström U, 2025,
Gauging generalised symmetries in linear gravity
, Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol: 2025The theory of a free spin-2 field on Minkowski spacetime has 1-form and (d − 3)-form symmetries associated with conserved currents formed by contractions of the linearised Riemann tensor with conformal Killing-Yano 2-forms. We show that a subset of these can be interpreted as Noether currents for specific shift symmetries of the graviton that involve a Killing vector and a closed 1-form parameter. We give a systematic method to gauge these 1-form symmetries by coupling the currents to background gauge fields and introducing a particular set of counter-terms involving the background fields. The simultaneous gauging of certain pairs of 1-form and (d − 3)-form symmetries is obstructed by the presence of mixed ’t Hooft anomalies. The anomalous pairs of symmetries are those which are related by gravitational duality. The implications of these anomalies are discussed.
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Journal articleBuscicchio R, Torrado J, Caprini C, et al., 2025,
Stellar-mass black-hole binaries in LISA: characteristics and complementarity with current-generation interferometers
, Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Vol: 2025Stellar-mass black-hole binaries are the most numerous gravitational-wave sources observed to date. Their properties make them suitable for observation both by ground- and space-based detectors. Starting from synthetic catalogues constructed based on observational constraints from ground-based detectors, we explore the detection rates and the characteristic parameters of the stellar-mass black-hole binaries observable by LISA during their inspiral, using signal-to-noise ratio thresholds as a detection criterion. We find that only a handful of these sources will be detectable with signal-to-noise ratio larger than 8: about 5 sources on average in 4 years of mission duration, among which only one or two are multiband ones (i.e. merging in less than 15 years). We find that detectable sources have chirp mass 10 M ⊙ ≲ Mc ≲ 100 M ⊙, residual time-to-coalescence 4 yr ≲ τc ≲ 100 yr, and redshift z ≲ 0.1, much closer than those observed up to now by ground-based detectors. We also explore correlations between the number of LISA detectable sources and the parameters of the population, suggesting that a joint measurement with the stochastic signal might be informative of the population characteristics. By performing parameter estimation on a subset of sources from the catalogues, we conclude that, even if LISA measurements will not be directly informative on the population due to the low number of resolvable sources, it will characterise a few, low-redshift candidates with great precision. Furthermore, we construct for the first time the LISA waterfall plot for low chirp-mass systems, as a function of their time to coalescence and inclination. We demonstrate that LISA will also be able to discriminate and characterize, through very precise parameter estimation, a population of binaries with higher masses, Mc ∼ Ó(103) M ⊙, at the boundary of ground-based detectors sensitivity.
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Journal articleChan AHH, Dunning J, Beck KB, et al., 2025,
Animal social networks are robust to changing association definitions.
, Behav Ecol Sociobiol, Vol: 79, ISSN: 0340-5443UNLABELLED: The interconnecting links between individuals in an animal social network are often defined by discrete, directed behaviours, but where these are difficult to observe, a network link (edge) may instead be defined by individuals sharing a space at the same time, which can then be used to infer a social association. The method by which these associations are defined should be informed by the biological significance of edges, and therefore often vary between studies. Identifying an appropriate measure of association remains a challenge to behavioural ecologists. Here, we use automatically recorded feeder visit data from four bird systems to compare three methods to identify a social association: (1) strict time-window, (2) co-occurrence in a group, and (3) arrival-time. We tested the similarity of the resulting networks by comparing the repeatability and sensitivity of individuals' social traits (network degree, strength, betweenness). We found that networks constructed using different methods but applying similar, ecologically relevant definitions of associations based on individuals' spatio-temporal co-occurrence, showed similar characteristics. Our findings suggest that the different methods to construct animal social networks are comparable, but result in subtle differences driven by species biology and feeder design. We urge researchers to carefully evaluate the ecological context of their study systems when making methodological decisions. Specifically, researchers in ecology and evolution should carefully consider the biological relevance of an edge in animal social networks, and the implications of adopting different definitions. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00265-025-03559-7.
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Journal articleAcharya B, Alexandre J, Benes P, et al., 2024,
First Search for Dyons with the Full MoEDAL Trapping Detector in 13 TeV<i> pp</i> Collisions (vol 126, 071801, 2021)
, PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS, Vol: 133, ISSN: 0031-9007 -
Journal articleAlbertini E, Kożuszek J, Wiseman T, 2024,
Dynamics of dRGT ghost-free massive gravity in spherical symmetry
, Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol: 2024We focus on dRGT massive gravity in spherical symmetry in the limit of small graviton mass. Firstly we examine the minimal model. This does not exhibit a Vainshtein mechanism in spherical symmetry, but one may still ask what happens for spherical dynamics. We show that there are no regular time-dependent spherically symmetric solutions unless the matter has sufficiently large pressure. For matter that does not satisfy this, such as non-relativistic matter, any Cauchy slice of such a solution must necessarily have a point where the metric becomes singular. Only a weak assumption on the asymptotics is made. We then consider the next-to-minimal model. This has been argued to have a good Vainshtein mechanism in spherical symmetry, and hence be phenomenologically viable, provided the relative sign of the minimal and next-to-minimal mass terms is the same, and we restrict attention to this case. We find that regular behaviour requires the matter at the origin of symmetry to have positive pressure — in particular a massive scalar field fails to satisfy this condition. Furthermore it restricts non-relativistic matter so that the pressure is bounded from below in terms of the density and graviton mass in a manner that is at odds with a reasonable phenomenology. This suggests that realistic phenomenology will either require a resolution of singularities, or will require dynamics beyond the non-generic setting of spherical symmetry.
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Journal articleBennett S, Hanany A, Kumaran G, 2024,
Orthosymplectic quotient quiver subtraction
, Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol: 2024The technique of orthosymplectic quotient quiver subtraction is introduced. This involves subtraction of an orthosymplectic quotient quiver from a 3dN = 4 orthosymplectic quiver gauge theory which has the effect of gauging subgroups of the IR Coulomb branch global symmetry. Orthosymplectic quotient quivers for SU(2), SU(3), G2, and SO(7) are found and derived from Type IIA brane systems involving negatively charged branes for certain 6dN = (1, 0) gauge theories. Orthosymplectic quotient quiver subtraction is applied to magnetic quivers for nilpotent orbit closures providing new orthosymplectic counterparts to known unitary quivers. New Coulomb branch constructions are found such as for two height four nilpotent orbit closures of F4 and one of height three. A novel application is to find magnetic quivers and Type IIA brane systems for the 6dN = (1, 0) worldvolume theory of two 12M5 branes on E6 Klein singularity and for 6dN = (1, 0) (E6, E6) conformal matter. These give a perturbative Lagrangian realisation to the dynamics of strongly interacting M5 branes. The magnetic quiver for 6dN = (1, 0) (E6, E6) conformal matter is star-shaped and can also be interpreted as a magnetic quiver for a class S theory specified by SO(26) algebra on a three-punctured sphere.
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Journal articleHanany A, Kalveks R, Kumaran G, 2024,
Quotient quiver subtraction
, NUCLEAR PHYSICS B, Vol: 1009, ISSN: 0550-3213 -
Journal articleHull C, Zabzine M, 2024,
N=(2,2) superfields and geometry revisited
, JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL, Vol: 57, ISSN: 1751-8113 -
Journal articleGiombi S, Kurlyand SA, Tseytlin AA, 2024,
Non-planar corrections in ABJM theory from quantum M2 branes
, JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS, ISSN: 1029-8479 -
Journal articleHanany A, Kalveks R, Kumaran G, 2024,
Quiver polymerisation
, Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol: 2024Two new diagrammatic techniques on 3dN = 4 quiver gauge theories, termed chain and cyclic quiver polymerisation are introduced. These gauge a diagonal SU/U(k) subgroup of the Coulomb branch global symmetry of a quiver (or pair of quivers) with multiple legs. The action on the Coulomb branch is that of a SU/U(k) hyper-Kähler quotient. The polymerisation techniques build and generalise known composition methods from class S. Polymerisation is used to generate a wide range of magnetic quivers from various physical contexts. These include polymerisation constructions for Kronheimer-Nakajima quivers, which generalise the ADHM construction for the moduli space of k SU(N) instantons on ℂ2 to A-type singularities. Also a polymerisation construction of the magnetic quiver for the 6dN = (1, 0) theory coming from two 12 M5 branes probing an E6 Klein singularity. We find a method of extending magnetic quivers for Class S theories to cure the incomplete Higgsing that arises when gluing punctures into the loops associated with higher genus theories. Other novel constructions include a unitary magnetic quiver for the closure of a height four nilpotent orbit of SO(7). We explore the relationships between the Coulomb and Higgs branches of quivers under polymerisation.
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Journal articleBraglia M, Calcagni G, Franciolini G, et al., 2024,
Gravitational waves from inflation in LISA: reconstruction pipeline and physics interpretation
, Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Vol: 2024Various scenarios of cosmic inflation enhance the amplitude of the stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) at frequencies detectable by the LISA detector. We develop tools for a template-based analysis of the SGWB and introduce a template databank to describe well-motivated signals from inflation, prototype their template-based searches, and forecast their reconstruction with LISA. Specifically, we classify seven templates based on their signal frequency shape, and we identify representative fundamental physics models leading to them. By running a template-based analysis, we forecast the accuracy with which LISA can reconstruct the template parameters of representative benchmark signals, with and without galactic and extragalactic foregrounds. We identify the parameter regions that can be probed by LISA within each template. Finally, we investigate how our signal reconstructions shed light on fundamental physics models of inflation: we discuss their impact for measurements of e.g., the couplings of inflationary axions to gauge fields; the graviton mass during inflation; the fluctuation seeds of primordial black holes; the consequences of excited states during inflation, and the presence of small-scale spectral features.
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Journal articleArav I, Gauntlett JP, Jiao Y, et al., 2024,
Superconformal monodromy defects in ABJM and mABJM theory
, The Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol: 2024, ISSN: 1029-8479We study D = 11 supergravity solutions which are dual to one-dimensional superconformal defects in d = 3 SCFTs. We consider defects in ABJM theory with monodromy for U(1)4 ⊂ SO(8) global symmetry, as well as in 𝒩 = 2 mABJM SCFT, which arises from the RG flow of a mass deformation of ABJM theory, with monodromy for U(1)3 ⊂ SU(3) × U(1) global symmetry. We show that the defects of the two SCFTs are connected by a line of bulk marginal mass deformations and argue that they are also related by bulk RG flow. In all cases we allow for the possibility of conical singularities at the location of the defect. Various physical observables of the defects are computed including the defects conformal weight and the partition function, as well as associated supersymmetric Renyi entropies.
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