In this section
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@article{O'Driscoll:2017:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.271,
author = {O'Driscoll, R and Stettler, MEJ and Molden, N and Oxley, T and ApSimon, HM},
doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.271},
journal = {Science of the Total Environment},
pages = {282--290},
title = {Real world CO2 and NOx emissions from 149 Euro 5 and 6 diesel, gasoline and hybrid passenger cars},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.271},
volume = {621},
year = {2017}
}
TY - JOUR
AB - In this study CO2 and NOx emissions from 149 Euro 5 and 6 diesel, gasoline and hybrid passenger cars were compared using a Portable Emissions Measurement System (PEMS). The models sampled accounted for 56% of all passenger cars sold in Europe in 2016. We found gasoline vehicles had CO2 emissions 13-66% higher than diesel. During urban driving, the average CO2 emission factor was 210.5 (sd. 47) gkm-1 for gasoline and 170.2 (sd. 34) gkm-1 for diesel. Half the gasoline vehicles tested were Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI). Euro 6 GDI engines <1.4 delivered ~17% CO2 reduction compared to Port Fuel Injection (PFI). Gasoline vehicles delivered an 86-96% reduction in NOx emissions compared to diesel cars. The average urban NOx emission from Euro 6 diesel vehicles 0.44 (sd. 0.44) gkm-1 was 11 times higher than for gasoline 0.04 (sd. 0.04) gkm-1. We also analysed two gasoline-electric hybrids which out-performed both gasoline and diesel for NOx and CO2. We conclude action is required to mitigate the public health risk created by excessive NOx emissions from modern diesel vehicles. Replacing diesel with gasoline would incur a substantial CO2 penalty, however greater uptake of hybrid vehicles would likely reduce both CO2 and NOx emissions. Discrimination of vehicles on the basis of Euro standard is arbitrary and incentives should promote vehicles with the lowest real-world emissions of both NOx and CO2.
AU - O'Driscoll,R
AU - Stettler,MEJ
AU - Molden,N
AU - Oxley,T
AU - ApSimon,HM
DO - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.271
EP - 290
PY - 2017///
SN - 0048-9697
SP - 282
TI - Real world CO2 and NOx emissions from 149 Euro 5 and 6 diesel, gasoline and hybrid passenger cars
T2 - Science of the Total Environment
UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.271
UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0048969717333296?via%3Dihub
UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/55296
VL - 621
ER -
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Dr Marc Stettler
Email: m.stettler@imperial.ac.uk
Tel: +44 (0)20 7594 2094
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