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  • Conference paper
    Dini D, Nowell D, 2003,

    Application of short crack arrest concepts to the prediction of thresholds in fretting fatigue (Article no.139)

    , International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, 25 - 29 July 2003, Corfu, Greece, Publisher: Tech Science Press, Pages: 1-6
  • Conference paper
    Spikes HA, 2003,

    Slip at the wall - Evidence and tribological implications

    , Amsterdam, Leeds-Lyon symposium on tribology; tribological research and design for engineering systems, Publisher: Elsevier, Pages: 525-536
  • Conference paper
    Spikes HA, 2003,

    Slip at the wall - evidence and tribological implications

    , 29th Leeds-Lyon Symposium on Tribology, Publisher: ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, Pages: 525-535
  • Conference paper
    Dini D, Hills DA, 2003,

    An asymptotic approach for the correlation of complete, incomplete and almost complete fretting contacts (Article no.242, Keynote)

    , International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, 25 - 29 July 2003, Corfu, Greece, Publisher: Tech Science Press, Pages: 1-6
  • Conference paper
    Olver AV, Medina S, 2003,

    Tribology of spline couplings

    , 29th Leeds-Lyon Symposium on Tribology, Publisher: ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, Pages: 589-602
  • Conference paper
    Dardin A, Hedrich K, Muller M, Topolovec-Miklozic K, Spikes Het al., 2003,

    Influence of polyalkylmethacrylate viscosity index improvers on the efficiency of lubricants

    , Fuels & lubricants meeting, Yokohama, Japan, May 2003, Publisher: SAE, Pages: 1967-1967, ISSN: 0148-7191
  • Journal article
    Glovnea RP, Spikes HA, 2003,

    Oscillations induced in EHD film thickness by a step in entrainment speed

    , Lubrication Science, Vol: 15, Pages: 311-320, ISSN: 0954-0075
  • Journal article
    Spikes HA, 2003,

    The half-wetted bearing. Part 2: potential application in low load contacts

    , PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART J-JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING TRIBOLOGY, Vol: 217, Pages: 15-26, ISSN: 1350-6501
  • Conference paper
    Cann PM, Lubrecht AA, 2003,

    The effect of transient loading on contact replenishment with lubricating greases

    , Amsterdam, Proceedings of the Leeds-Lyon Symposium, Lyon, 2-5 September 2003, Publisher: Elsevier, Pages: 745-750
  • Journal article
    Choo JW, Olver AV, Spikes HA, 2003,

    Influence of surface roughness features on mixed-film lubrication

    , Lubrication Science, Vol: 15, Pages: 219-232, ISSN: 0954-0075
  • Journal article
    Choo JW, Olver AV, Spikes HA, 2003,

    Influence of surface roughness features on mixed-film lubrication

    , Lubrication Science, Vol: 15, Pages: 219-232, ISSN: 0954-0075
  • Journal article
    Hurley S, Cann PM, 2003,

    Infrared spectroscopic analysis of a grease-lubricated rolling oontact

    , NLGI Spokesman, Vol: 67, Pages: 26-32, ISSN: 0027-6782
  • Conference paper
    Damiens B, Cann PME, Venner CH, Lubrecht AAet al., 2003,

    Analysis of the oil distribution in starved elliptical E.H.D. contacts

    , Amsterdam, Leeds-Lyon symposium on tribology; tribological research and design for engineering systems, 2002, Publisher: Elsevier, Pages: 685-692
  • Conference paper
    Dini D, Hills DA, 2003,

    The role of asymptotic analysis in quantifying the process zone in notches and cracks (Invited lecture)

    , XX Encuentro del grupo espaol De Fractura, 2 - 4 April 2003, Benicassin, Spain, ISSN: 0213-3725
  • Conference paper
    Ciavarella M, Dini D, Demelio GP, 2003,

    A critical assessment of damage parameters for fretting fatigue

    , 3rd Symposium on fretting fatigue: advances in the basic understanding and applications, Nagaoka, Japan, Publisher: ASTM, Pages: 108-117
  • Journal article
    Glovnea RP, Spikes HA, Jones WR, 2002,

    Behaviour of several lubricants for space applications under transient speed conditions

    , Journal of Synthetic Lubrication, Vol: 19, Pages: 191-211, ISSN: 0265-6582

    <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Theoretical work has underlined the importance of squeeze effects in non‐steady‐state elastohydrodynamic (EHD) lubrication when parameters such as load, speed, or geometry vary cyclically. The present paper reports on the results of an experimental investigation into EHD film thickness under start‐stop, ball‐on‐flat contact conditions for four liquid lubricants used in space applications. The conditions studied are representative of those occurring in stepper motor bearing contacts. The lubricants investigated included a multiply alkylated cyclopentane (Pennzane™ SHF 2000), a branched perfluoropolyether (Krytox™ 143 AC), a polyalphaolefin (Nye™ 182), and a linear perfluoropolyether (Braycote™ BXL 413). Measurements were made at two frequencies (2 and 50 Hz) and two temperatures (25 and 80°C). At 50 Hz, corresponding to stop‐start time intervals of 10 ms, there was insufficient time during the stationary periods between motion for any significant collapse of the central film thickness to occur. However, partial collapse did take place at the contact peripheries. Since this collapse occurred in the inlet, it often produced a pronounced reduction in central film thickness during start‐up. It was also found that, during start‐up, a series of film thickness oscillations occurred, resulting in the film thickness becoming successively greater and less than the steady‐state value. This may have a significant effect on the pressure experienced by the contact. Although the four lubricants exhibited similar overall patterns of behaviour, there were considerable differences in the rate of film collapse and in the details of the film thickness reduction and oscillation.</jats:p>
  • Journal article
    Glovnea RP, Spikes HA, 2002,

    Behavior of EHD films during reversal of entrainment in cyclically accelerated/decelerated motion

    , TRIBOLOGY TRANSACTIONS, Vol: 45, Pages: 177-184, ISSN: 1040-2004
  • Conference paper
    Medina S, Olver AV, 2002,

    Regimes of contact in spline couplings

    , STLE/ASME Tribology Conference, Publisher: ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG, Pages: 351-357, ISSN: 0742-4787
  • Journal article
    Masen MA, Venner CH, Lugt PM, Tripp JHet al., 2002,

    Effects of surface micro-geometry on the lift-off speed of an EHL contact

    , TRIBOLOGY TRANSACTIONS, Vol: 45, Pages: 21-30, ISSN: 1040-2004
  • Conference paper
    Kapoor A, Morales-Espejel GE, Olver AV, 2002,

    A shakedown analysis of simple spur gears

    , 56th Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Tribologists-and-Lubrication-Engineers, Publisher: TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, Pages: 103-109, ISSN: 1040-2004
  • Conference paper
    Grieve R, Spikes HA, 2002,

    Temperature and shear stress in rolling/sliding elastohydrodynamic contacts

    , Special issue on tribology, 2nd world tribology congress, Vienna, September 2001, Publisher: University of Zielona Gora
  • Conference paper
    Spikes HA, Olver AV, 2002,

    Mixed lubrication - experiment and theory

    , Boundary and mixed lubrication: Science and applications: proceedings of the 28th Leeds-Lyon symposium on tribology, Publisher: Elsevier Science, Pages: 95-113
  • Journal article
    Olver AV, 2002,

    Gear lubrication - a review

    , PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART J-JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING TRIBOLOGY, Vol: 216, Pages: 255-267, ISSN: 1350-6501
  • Journal article
    Cann PM, Hurley S, 2002,

    Friction properties of grease in elastohydrodynamic lubrication

    , NLGI Spokesman, Vol: 66, Pages: 6-15, ISSN: 0027-6782
  • Conference paper
    Topolovec-Miklozic K, Spikes HA, 2002,

    The use of AFM to study lubricant films

    , Special issue on tribology, 2nd world tribology congress, Vienna, September 2001, Publisher: University of Zielona Gora
  • Book chapter
    Xu X, Brandon N, Spikes HA, 2002,

    Study of zinc dialkyldithiophosphate using electrochemical techniques

    , Boundary and mixed lubricants: science and application: proceedings of the 28th Leeds-Lyon Symposium on tribology, Vienna, Austria, 4th-7th September, 2001, Editors: Dowson, Priest, Dalmaz, Lubrecht, Dowson, Priest, Dalmaz, Lubrecht, Publisher: Elsevier Science, Pages: 175-181, ISBN: 9780444509697
  • Conference paper
    Xu XY, Brandon N, Spikes H, 2002,

    Study of zinc dialkyldithiophosphate using electrochemical techniques

    , 28th Leeds-Lyon Symposium on Tribology, Publisher: ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, Pages: 175-181
  • Conference paper
    Spikes HA, Olver AV, 2002,

    Mixed lubrication - experiment and theory

    , Boundary and mixed lubrication: Science and applications: proceedings of the 28th Leeds-Lyon symposium on tribology, Publisher: Elsevier Science, Pages: 95-113
  • Journal article
    Medina S, Olver AV, 2002,

    An analysis of misaligned spline couplings

    , PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART J-JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING TRIBOLOGY, Vol: 216, Pages: 269-279, ISSN: 1350-6501
  • Journal article
    Spikes HA, 2002,

    Direct and indirect ways to reduce friction and wear

    , Lubrication Science, Vol: 14, Pages: 147-167, ISSN: 0954-0075
  • Journal article
    Spikes H, 2001,

    Tribology research in the twenty-first century

    , TRIBOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, Vol: 34, Pages: 789-799, ISSN: 0301-679X
  • Conference paper
    Kim TH, Olver AV, Pearson PK, 2001,

    Fatigue and fracture mechanisms in large rolling element bearings

    , 55th Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Tribologists-and-Lubrication-Engineers, Publisher: TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, Pages: 583-590, ISSN: 1040-2004
  • Journal article
    Graham J, Spikes H, Korcek S, 2001,

    The friction reducing properties of molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate additives: Part I - Factors influencing friction reduction

    , TRIBOLOGY TRANSACTIONS, Vol: 44, Pages: 626-636, ISSN: 1040-2004
  • Journal article
    Graham J, Spikes H, Jensen R, 2001,

    The friction reducing properties of molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate additives: Part II - Durability of friction reducing capability

    , TRIBOLOGY TRANSACTIONS, Vol: 44, Pages: 637-647, ISSN: 1040-2004
  • Journal article
    Lafountain AR, Johnston GJ, Spikes HA, 2001,

    The elastohydrodynamic traction of synthetic base oil blends

    , TRIBOLOGY TRANSACTIONS, Vol: 44, Pages: 648-656, ISSN: 1040-2004
  • Journal article
    Cassin G, Heinrich E, Spikes HA, 2001,

    The influence of surface roughness on the lubrication properties of adsorbing and non-adsorbing biopolymers

    , TRIBOLOGY LETTERS, Vol: 11, Pages: 95-102, ISSN: 1023-8883
  • Journal article
    Miklozic KT, Graham J, Spikes H, 2001,

    Chemical and physical analysis of reaction films formed by molybdenum dialkyl-dithiocarbamate friction modifier additive using Raman and atomic force microscopy

    , TRIBOLOGY LETTERS, Vol: 11, Pages: 71-81, ISSN: 1023-8883
  • Journal article
    Lubrecht T, Mazuyer D, Cann P, 2001,

    Starved elastohydrodynamic lubrication theory: application to emulsions and greases

    , COMPTES RENDUS DE L ACADEMIE DES SCIENCES SERIE IV PHYSIQUE ASTROPHYSIQUE, Vol: 2, Pages: 717-728, ISSN: 1296-2147
  • Journal article
    Cann PM, Doner JP, Webster MN, Wikstrom Vet al., 2001,

    Grease degradation in rolling element bearings

    , TRIBOLOGY TRANSACTIONS, Vol: 44, Pages: 399-404, ISSN: 1040-2004
  • Journal article
    Sayles RS, 2001,

    How two- and three-dimensional surface metrology data are being used to improve the tribological performance and life of some common machine elements

    , TRIBOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, Vol: 34, Pages: 299-305, ISSN: 0301-679X
  • Journal article
    Glovnea RP, Spikes HA, 2001,

    Elastohydrodynamic Film Collapse During Rapid Deceleration. Part II—Theoretical Analysis and Comparison of Theory and Experiment

    , Journal of Tribology, Vol: 123, Pages: 262-267, ISSN: 0742-4787

    <jats:p>This paper presents a theoretical model for the behavior of elastohydrodynamic films subjected to transient speed conditions, based on Grubin’s analytical solution for elastohydrodynamic lubrication. This model is applied to predict film thickness in high deceleration conditions. The model’s predictions are compared with the experimental results presented in an accompanying paper entitled “Elastohydrodynamic Film Collapse During Rapid Deceleration. Part I: Experimental Results.”</jats:p>
  • Journal article
    Glovnea RP, Spikes HA, 2001,

    Elastohydrodynamic Film Collapse During Rapid Deceleration. Part I—Experimental Results

    , Journal of Tribology, Vol: 123, Pages: 254-261, ISSN: 0742-4787

    <jats:p>This paper describes a study of the behavior of elastohydrodynamic lubricated contacts subjected to rapid halting. Experiments have been carried out using ultrathin interferometry coupled to a high-speed camera to measure the change in lubricant film thickness and shape during fast, controlled deceleration, both in pure sliding and pure rolling conditions. Film collapse is seen to occur in two stages. The first persists throughout the deceleration period and, during this stage the film geometry remains almost constant across the contact. In this stage of film collapse, the film thickness lags behind the value predicted from steady-state theory, which means that when motion ceases, a thicker than expected film is present. The second stage of film collapse ensues when the entrainment speed falls below a critical value of approximately 0.002 m/s and is characterized by the formation of a central entrapment and classical, normal approach, squeeze behavior.</jats:p>
  • Journal article
    Olver AV, Spikes HA, 2001,

    Discussion: Prediction of traction in elastohydrodynamic lubrication

    , Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology, Vol: 215, Pages: 309-310, ISSN: 1350-6501
  • Journal article
    Spikes HA, Cann PM, 2001,

    The development and application of the spacer layer imaging method for measuring lubricant film thickness

    , Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology, Vol: 215, Pages: 261-277, ISSN: 1350-6501

    <jats:p> This paper reviews the historical development of optical interferometry as applied to the study of lubricant films. The technique was first applied to lubricated contacts in the 1960s, when it played an important role in the validation of the elastohydrodynamic theory of lubrication. Initially the method was not suited to the study of mixed and boundary lubrication because it could not measure film thicknesses of less than about 50 nm. In the 1970s, however, this limitation was partially overcome by the use of a spacer layer and this, coupled in the early 1990s with spectrometric analysis of the interfered light, enabled films down to just 1 nm thick to be measured in lubricated contacts, well within the boundary lubrication regime. Recently a number of workers have applied colorimetric image analysis to optical interference images to enable accurate three-dimensional maps of film distribution in lubricated contacts to be determined. This approach, coupled with the use of a spacer layer, has led to the spacer layer imaging method, which can map film thickness in boundary and mixed lubricated contact. Some recent applications of this technique are described. </jats:p>
  • Journal article
    Glovnea RP, Spikes HA, 2001,

    Elastohydrodynamic film formation at the start-up of the motion

    , Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology, Vol: 215, Pages: 125-138, ISSN: 1350-6501

    <jats:p> This paper describes an experimental study of elastohydrodynamic (EHD) lubricating film formation during the start-up of motion of a point contact from rest. EHD film thickness was measured using ultra-thin optical interferometry. It was found that film thickness behaviour depends strongly upon acceleration. When motion starts, most lubricants form a front that travels across the contact with its initial thickness unchanged. At some point, depending upon the acceleration, a second front often forms, so that the lubricant film has a characteristic stepped profile. This behaviour occurs in both pure sliding and pure rolling conditions. The development of film profile over time can be used to chart the speed of motion of the fluid film in the contact. In pure rolling conditions, the first film front travels through the conjunction at a speed lower than the entrainment speed in the first half of the contact and higher in the second half. In pure sliding it travels at a velocity higher than the entrainment speed across the whole width of the contact. The leading edge moves as a core of lubricant with a velocity constant through 60 per cent of its thickness. </jats:p><jats:p> At very high accelerations, the central film thickness shows damped oscillations about the steady state final entrainment speed value. These oscillations are similar to those found theoretically by other workers for an accelerated slider bearing using a Navier-Stokes analysis. It is believed that some of the non-classical EHD behaviour observed on start-up may result from the finite rate of momentum transfer across the fluid film. </jats:p>
  • Journal article
    Spikes HA, 2001,

    Alastair Cameron, 1917-2000 - Obituary

    , TRIBOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, Vol: 34, Pages: 77-82, ISSN: 0301-679X
  • Conference paper
    Xu X, Spikes H, Brandon N, 2001,

    New electrolytes for electrochemical study in hydrocarbon solution

    , Boston, Advanced study institute on fundamentals of tribology and bridging the gap between the macro- and micro/nanoscales, 2000, Publisher: Kluwer Academic Publishers, Pages: 711-716
  • Journal article
    Hurley S, Cann PM, 2001,

    Examination of grease structure by SEM and AFM techniques

    , NLGI Spokesman, Vol: 65, Pages: 17-26, ISSN: 0027-6782
  • Conference paper
    Taylor L, Glovnea R, Ribeaud M, Spikes HAet al., 2001,

    The nature and properties of antiwear additive films

    , 5th international tribology conference, Nagasaki, Japan, October 2000, Publisher: Japanese Society of Tribologists, Pages: 1257-1262
  • Conference paper
    Rana A, Sayles RS, Nikas G, Jalisi Iet al., 2001,

    An experimental technique for investigating the sealing principles of reciprocating elastomeric seals for use in linear hydraulic actuator assemblies

    , Austria, Proceedings of the 2nd world tribology congress, Vienna, 2001, Publisher: The Austrian Tribology Society, Pages: 172-172

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