Reservoir Performance Prediction
- Material Balance: Conservation of mass and volume
- Gas reservoirs
- Oil res ervoirs
- Accuracy of material balance equation
- Fluid displaceme nt models: Immiscible displacement calculations
- Recovery factor
- Microscopic, vertical and areal sweep efficiencies
- Stratified reservoirs
- Decline curves: Exponential, hyperbolic, Fetkovich decline curve anal ysis. Ranges of validity
Streamline simulators
Reservoir Performance Prediction and IOR
- Water and hydrocarbon PVT behaviour (formation volume factors, solution gas oil ratio etc.)
- Principal recovery mechanisms (primary: gas cap drive, aquifer, compaction etc., secondary: waterflood, tertiary: miscible, WAG etc.).
- Darcy’s Law, relative permeabilities, definition of fractional flow
Upscaling
- Requirements for upscaling
- Upscaling of scalar properties and two-phase
- Limitations
- Validation of upscaled model and best practice
Numerical Reservoir Simulators
- Reservoir simulat ion and reservoir management
- Types of reservori simulators
- Basic concepts
- Finite differences
- Practical use (d a ta preparation: ti me step size and grid selection)
- Aquifer modelling
- Use and abuse of simulators
- Alternative techniques
Petroleum Economics
- Capex and Opex
- Future Cash Flows
- Measures of Financial Performance
- Effects of Phased and Incremental Projects
- Leasing and Outsourcing
- General Frameworks for Taxation
- Probabilistic and Monte-Carlo models
- Decision theory and Criteria
- External Financing and Loans
- Futures Markets