Human-Centred Automation, Robotics and Monitoring

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• Conference paper
  Stoyanov D, Mylonas G, Deligianni F, Darzi A, Yang Get al., 2005,

  Soft-tissue motion tracking and structure estimation for robotic assisted MIS procedures

  , Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention (MICCAI05), Pages: 139-146

  In robotically assisted laparoscopic surgery, soft-tissue motion tracking and structure recovery are important for intraoperative surgical guidance, motion compensation and delivering active constraints. In this paper, we present a novel method for feature based motion tracking of deformable soft-tissue surfaces in totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass graft (TECAB) surgery. We combine two feature detectors to recover distinct regions on the epicardial surface for which the sparse 3D surface geometry may be computed using a pre-calibrated stereo laparoscope. The movement of the 3D points is then tracked in the stereo images with stereo-temporal constrains by using an iterative registration algorithm. The practical value of the technique is demonstrated on both a deformable phantom model with tomographically derived surface geometry and in vivo robotic assisted minimally invasive surgery (MIS) image sequences.

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• Conference paper
  Mylonas G, Stoyanov D, Deligianni F, Darzi A, Yang Get al., 2005,

  Gaze-contingent soft tissue deformation tracking for minimally invasive robotic surgery

  , Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention (MICCAI05), Pages: 843-850

  The introduction of surgical robots in Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS) has allowed enhanced manual dexterity through the use of microprocessor controlled mechanical wrists. Although fully autonomous robots are attractive, both ethical and legal barriers can prohibit their practical use in surgery. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that it is possible to use real-time binocular eye tracking for empowering robots with human vision by using knowledge acquired in situ. By utilizing the close relationship between the horizontal disparity and the depth perception varying with the viewing distance, it is possible to use ocular vergence for recovering 3D motion and deformation of the soft tissue during MIS procedures. Both phantom and in vivo experiments were carried out to assess the potential frequency limit of the system and its intrinsic depth recovery accuracy. The potential applications of the technique include motion stabilization and intra-operative planning in the presence of large tissue deformation.

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• Conference paper
  Mylonas GP, Darzi A, Yang GZ, 2004,

  Gaze contingent depth recovery and motion stabilisation for minimally invasive robotic surgery

  , Berlin, 2nd international workshop on medical imaging and augmented reality (MIAR 2004), Beijing, Peoples Republic of China, Publisher: Springer-Verlag, Pages: 311-319
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